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Beaverslide
A beaverslide is a device for stacking hay made of wooden poles and planks that builds haystacks of loose, unbaled hay stored outdoors to be used as fodder for livestock. The beaverslide consists of a frame supporting an inclined plane up which a load of hay is pushed to a height of about , before dropping through a large gap. The resulting loaf-shaped haystacks can be up to 30 feet high, can weigh up to 20 tons, and can theoretically last up to five or six years. It was invented in the early 1900s and was first called the Beaverhead County Slide Stacker after its place of origin, the Big Hole Valley in Beaverhead County, Montana. The name was quickly shortened to "beaverslide."
== History ==
Early settlers in the American west initially stored hay for their livestock under shelter in barns and haylofts. However, unlike the east, where hay is fed as a supplemental form of forage, the northern plains had lengthy and severe winter weather and therefore large quantities of hay were needed to provide adequate forage for animals. Most haylofts were insufficient to store the quantities needed, but in the arid western United States, unlike the more humid east, hay could be stored without the protection of a barn. As a result, settlers used a variety of methods to stack and store large amounts of hay, inventing a number of agricultural machines to lift hay including hay derricks and various slides, including a predecessor to the beaverslide called a ram stacker.
About 1908 the beaverslide was invented in Montana by two ranchers, Herbert S. Armitage and David J. Stephens, who ranched near Briston, in the Big Hole Valley, of Beaverhead County in southwestern Montana. Armitage and Stephens filed for a patent on September 7, 1909 and it was awarded on May 31, 1910. The beaverslide may have been called the "Sunny Slope Slide Stacker" at one time, but that name does not appear in the patent. Armitage and Stephens themselves referred to it as the "Beaverhead County Slide Stacker", which quickly became just "beaverslide".
The beaverslide was somewhat mobile, inexpensive, handled large amounts of hay, and was easily built. It was faster to use than early balers and made windproof haystacks. It rapidly gained popularity in southwestern Montana and adjacent parts of eastern Idaho, with its use spreading to other western states and Canada in places where light meadow grass was put up as hay. In regions where it had been adopted it remained in common use into the 1990s. While use of a beaverslide is labor-intensive, and it has not been commonly used in the 21st century, some ranchers are returning to it to save fuel costs. Still others never abandoned it because of the large cash outlay required to purchase modern mechanized balers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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