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In Celtic polytheism, Belisama (epigraphically ) was a goddess worshipped in Gaul. She is identified with Minerva in the ''interpretatio romana''. The etymology of her name has been taken to translate to "brightest one", i.e. containing a superlative suffix ''-isama'' attached to the root ''bel'' "bright"; based on this she has also been speculatively claimed as companion of Belenus, whose name seems to contain the same root.〔Helmut Birkhan, ''Kelten. Versuch einer Gesamtdarstellung ihrer Kultur'' p. 613.〕 But the root ''bel'' has also (for either deity) been interpreted differently, e.g. as ''bel'' "strong".〔Delamarre, Xavier, ''Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise, Errance'', 2003, p. 71.〕 A Gaulish inscription found at Vaison-la-Romaine in Provence (RIG G-172) shows that a ''nemeton'' was dedicated to her:〔Michel Lejeune. ''Recueil des Inscriptions Gauloises (RIG)'' 1: Inscriptions Gallo-Grèques. G-153.〕 : ''СΕΓΟΜΑΡΟС/ ΟΥΙΛΛΟΝΕΟС/ ΤΟΟΥΤΙΟΥС/ ΝΑΜΑΥСΑΤΙС/ ΕΙѠΡΟΥ ΒΗΛΗ/СΑΜΙ СΟСΙΝ/ ΝΕΜΗΤΟΝ'' : ''Segomaros Ouilloneos tooutious Namausatis eiōrou Bēlēsami sosin nemēton'' : "Segomarus Uilloneos, citizen () of Namausus, dedicated this sanctuary to Belesama"〔Xavier Delamarre (2003). ''Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise.'' Éditions Errance, p.299.〕 The identification with Minerva in Gallo-Roman religion is established in a Latin inscription from Saint-Lizier (anciently ''Consoranni''), Ariège department (CIL XIII, 8):〔Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL) 13: ''Tres Galliae et Germanae.'' 0008〕 :''Minervae / Belisamae / sacrum / Q(uintus) Valerius / Montan() / ()x v()'' The French toponyms Beleymas and Bellême (found in the Dordogne and Orne departments, respectively) are based on the theonym. The presence of the goddess in Britain is more difficult to establish. Based on Ptolemy listing a "Belisama estuary",〔The identification of Ptolemy's ''Belisama aest.'' with River Ribble is due to William Camden's ''Britannia'' (1586); see also (Bill Thayer's "Ptolemy at Lacus Curtius" page )〕 River Ribble in England seems to have been known by the name Belisama in Roman times.〔Ronald Hutton (1991). ''The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles.'' Oxford: Blackwell. p. 218. Hutton also suggests that the name of Samlesbury may derive from a corruption of the name.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Belisama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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