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Balochistan or Baluchistan〔Other variations of the spelling, especially on French maps, include: ''Beloutchistan'', ''Baloutchistan''.〕 (, lit. ''Land of the Baloch'') is an arid desert and mountainous region on the Iranian plateau in south-western Asia, northwest of the Arabian Sea. It stretches across southwestern Pakistan, southeastern Iran, and a small section of southwestern Afghanistan. The southern part of Balochistan is known by its historical name Makran. Balochistan is named after the native Baloch tribes who inhabit the region and use Balochi as their native language. The next most populous linguistic group in the region is the Pashto-speaking Pashtun people. Brahui is spoken by the Brahui people. Punjabi and Sindhi are also spoken as first languages in Pakistani Balochistan and by Hindki in Afghanistan. Urdu is used as second language in Pakistan. Persian is used as a second language in Iran and Afghanistan. ==Etymology== The Baloch people once referred to their land as ''Moka'' or ''Maka'', a word which later became ''Makran''. ''Moka'' might have been an adaptation of ''Mahi-khoran'', Persian for "fish eaters", an appellation used by the Persians of the west for the people of coastal Balochistan. Arrian, in his ''Anabasis Alexandri'', referred to the people of the region as the ''ichythophagi'', a Greek translation of ''Mahi-khoran''. Balochistan is referred to in Pashto as ''Gwadar'' or ''Godar'' (also ''Godar-khwa'', i.e., ''the land by water''). The Greeks, who derived the names of Iranian lands from the Bactrian language, Hellenised it to Gedrosia. In an eleventh-century Sanskrit compilation of Jataka tales (Avadānakalpalatā) by Kshemendra of Kashmir, the land is called ''Baloksh'' (बलोक्ष). From Baloksh, the name evolved and was Persianised to Balochistan. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Balochistan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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