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Bering Land Bridge National Preserve
The Bering Land Bridge National Preserve is one of the most remote United States national park areas, located on the Seward Peninsula.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/bela/planyourvisit/upload/Visitor-Guide-pdf-FINAL-web.pdf )〕 The National Preserve protects a remnant of the Bering Land Bridge that connected Asia with North America more than 13,000 years ago during the Pleistocene ice age.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/glba/planyourvisit/upload/NPS-Parklands-Brochure.pdf )〕 The majority of this land bridge now lies beneath the waters of the Chukchi and Bering Seas. During the glacial epoch this bridge was a migration route for people, animals, and plants whenever ocean levels fell enough to expose the land bridge.〔 Archeologists agree that it was across this Bering Land Bridge, also called Beringia, that humans first migrated from Asia to populate the Americas.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ows.edb.utexas.edu/site/hight-kreitman/land-bridge-theory )〕
Bering Land Bridge National Monument was established in 1978 by Presidential proclamation under the authority of the Antiquities Act.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/npshistory/monuments.htm )〕 The designation was modified in 1980 to a national preserve with the passage of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA), which would allow both subsistence hunting by local residents and sport hunting. The preserve includes significant archaeological sites and a variety of geological features.〔 The preserve has seen recent volcanic activity, with lava flows and lake-filled maars.〔〔 Hot springs are a popular destination for tourists.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/bela/planyourvisit/index.htm )〕
==Geography==
The preserve lies on the northern side of the Seward Peninsula, with .〔 The preserve extends along the coast from a point to the west of Deering along Goodhope Bay to Cape Espenberg, then westward along the shore of the Chukchi Sea.〔 The boundary moves inland to avoid the village of Shishmaref and the Shishmaref Inlet, then rejoins the coast to include Ikpek Lagoon.〔 A narrow corridor connects the Ikpek Lagoon section to the main preserve.〔 The interior portions extend to and across the Continental Divide as far as the Bendeleben Mountains.〔 The region around the continental divide includes volcanic areas such as Serpentine Hot Springs and lava fields between the Noxapaga River and the Kuzitrin River.〔 The preserve's high point is Mount Boyan on the south border.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=National Park Service )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/akso/akarc/cr_bela.htm )〕
There are no roads into the preserve.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/bela/planyourvisit/directions.htm )〕 Access to the preserve is by bush planes or boats during summer months and by ski planes, snowmobiles or dog sleds during the winter.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/akso/akarc/cr_bela.htm )〕 Bering Land Bridge National Preserve contains several sites of geological and prehistorical significance.〔 Serpentine Hot Springs is the preserve's most visited location.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/bela/naturescience/hotsprings.htm )〕 Other notable locations in the preserve include the Trail Creek Caves, Devil Mountain Lakes, and the Lost Jim Lava Flow.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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