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Bezique
Bezique () or Bésigue () is a 19th-century French melding and trick-taking card game for two players. The game is derived from Piquet,〔''Transactions of the Philological Society'', Philological Society, pg. 289 - Philological Society (Great Britain) 1910〕 possibly via Marriage (Sixty-six) and Briscan, with additional scoring features, notably the peculiar liaison of the Q and J that is also a feature of ''Pinochle'', ''Binokel'', and similarly named games that vary by country.〔''Oxford Dictionary of Card Games'', David Parlett, pg. 16, Oxford University Press (1996) ISBN 0-19-869173-4〕
==History==
Bezique was developed in France from the game Piquet, although the word Bezique, formerly ''Bésique'' or ''Bésigue'', was known in France in the 17th century,〔 coming probably from the Italian card game Bazzica.
The word ''bezique'' once meant "correspondence" or "association".〔''Cassell's household guide'', pg. 40 - Cassell, ltd, 1881〕 In English-speaking nations, Binocles, meaning eyeglasses with this pronunciation, became the name for Bezique with minor rule variations, ultimately evolving into Pinochle. Two-handed Pinochle and two-handed Bezique are almost identical. The former, together with Six-Pack Bezique and Rubicon Bezique, is still played in the United States of America.
The game achieved its greatest popularity in Paris by 1860 and in England a few years later.〔D. H. Lawrence, Dieter Mehl, Christa Jansohn (''The First and Second Lady Chatterley Novels'' ), pg. 588, Cambridge University Press (2002) ISBN 0-521-00715-1〕 Perhaps the most famous proponent of the game was Winston Churchill, an avid player and early expert of Six-Pack, or "Chinese" Bezique.〔Rodney P. Carlisle (''Encyclopedia of Play in Today's Society'' ), pg. 74 Sage Publications (2009) ISBN 1-4129-6670-1〕 There is some evidence that the English writers Wilkie Collins and Christina Rossetti were also enthusiasts.〔Christina Georgina Rossetti (''The Poetical Works of Christina Georgina Rossetti'' ), pg. xvi, Kessinger Publishing (2004) ISBN 1-4179-7280-7〕 However, since the late nineteenth century the game has declined in popularity.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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