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Bhaiṣajyaguru, formally Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaiḍūrya-prabhā-rāja "King of Medicine Master and Lapis Lazuli Light"), is the buddha of healing and medicine in Mahāyāna Buddhism. Commonly referred to as the "Medicine Buddha", he is described as a doctor who cures dukkha (suffering) using the medicine of his teachings. The name was ''rāja'' (King), but Xuanzang assumed it Tathāgata (Buddha). The translations and the commentary books of after ages obeyed the translation of Xuanzang. The figure of Bhaiṣajyaguru is expressed with a Tathāgata (Buddha) shape except for having a gallipot. Though it is also considered to be a guardian of the east, in that case, it is usually changed to Akshobhya. As an exceptional case, the Honzon of "Kōya-san Kongōbu-ji" was changed from Akshobhya to Bhaiṣajyaguru.〔(Koya-san and Cultural assets. ) Retrieved 5 October 2015.〕 ==Origin== Bhaiṣajyaguru is described in the eponymous ''Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaiḍūrya-prabhā-rāja Sūtra'', commonly called the ''Medicine Buddha Sutra'', as a bodhisattva who made 12 great vows. On achieving Buddhahood, he became the Buddha of the eastern pure land of Vaiḍūryanirbhāsa "Pure Lapis Lazuli". There, he is attended to by two bodhisattvas symbolizing the light of the sun and the light of the moon respectively:〔Oriental Medicine: an illustrated guide to the Asian arts of Healing〕 * Suryaprabha () * Candraprabha () A Sanskrit manuscript of the ''Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaiḍūrya-prabhā-rāja Sūtra'' was among the textual finds at Gilgit, Pakistan, attesting to the popularity of Bhaiṣajyaguru in the ancient northwest Indian kingdom of Gandhāra.〔Bakshi, S.R. ''Kashmir: History and People.'' 1998. p. 194〕 The manuscripts in this find are dated before the 7th century, and are written in the upright Gupta script.〔 The Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang visited a Mahāsāṃghika monastery at Bamiyan, Afghanistan, in the 7th century CE, and the site of this monastery has been rediscovered by archaeologists.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Schøyen Collection: Buddhism )〕 Birchbark manuscript fragments from several Mahāyāna sūtras have been discovered at the site, including the ''Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaidūrya-prabha-rāja Sūtra'' (MS 2385).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bhaisajyaguru」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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