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}} William Henry "Bill" Cosby, Jr. (born July 12, 1937) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, and author. Cosby's start in stand-up comedy began at the hungry i in San Francisco, followed by landing a starring role in the 1960s television show ''I Spy''. During its first two seasons, he was also a regular on the children's television series ''The Electric Company''. Using the Fat Albert character developed during his stand-up routines, Cosby created, produced, and hosted the animated comedy television series ''Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids'', a show that ran from 1972 to 1985, centering on a group of young friends growing up in an urban area. Throughout the 1970s, Cosby starred in a number of films, occasionally returning to film later in his career. After attending Temple University in the 1960s, he received his bachelor's degree there in 1971. In 1973 he received a master's degree from the University of Massachusetts Amherst, and in 1976 he earned his Doctor of Education degree, also from UMass. His dissertation discussed the use of ''Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids'' as a teaching tool in elementary schools. Beginning in the 1980s, Cosby produced and starred in a television sitcom, ''The Cosby Show'', which aired from 1984 to 1992 and was rated as the number one show in America for five years, 1984 through 1989. The sitcom highlighted the experiences and growth of an affluent African-American family. Cosby produced the ''Cosby Show'' spin-off sitcom ''A Different World'', which aired from 1987 to 1993; starred in the sitcom ''Cosby'' from 1996 to 2000; and hosted ''Kids Say the Darndest Things'' for two seasons, from 1998 to 2000. Cosby has been the subject of publicized sexual assault allegations since about 2000. As of October 23, 2015, Cosby has been accused by at least 57 women of either rape, drug facilitated sexual assault, sexual battery, child sexual abuse, and/or sexual misconduct, with the earliest alleged incidents taking place in the mid-1960s. He has denied the allegations and has never been criminally charged. Most of the acts alleged by his accusers fall outside the statutes of limitations for legal proceedings. As of November 19, 2015, eight related lawsuits against Cosby are pending. == Early life == Cosby was born on July 12, 1937 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.〔 He is one of four sons of Anna Pearl (née Hite), a maid, and William Henry Cosby Sr., who served as a cook in the U.S. Navy. During much of Cosby's early childhood, his father was away in the U.S. armed forces, spending several years fighting in World War II. As a student, he described himself as a class clown. Cosby was the captain of both the baseball team and the track and field team at Mary Channing Wister Public School in Philadelphia, as well as the class president.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bill Cosby Trivia )〕 Early on, though, teachers noted his propensity for clowning around rather than studying. At FitzSimons Junior High School, Cosby began acting in plays as well as continuing his devotion to playing sports.〔Ghare, Madhavi. 〕 Cosby went on to Philadelphia's Central High School, a magnet and university prep school.〔 In addition, Cosby was working before and after school, selling produce, shining shoes, and stocking shelves at a supermarket to help out the family.〔 He transferred to Germantown High School, but failed the tenth grade.〔(William Morris Agency ), retrieved July 15, 2015〕 Instead of repeating, he got a job as an apprentice at a shoe repair shop, which he liked, but could not see himself doing the rest of his life.〔 Subsequently, he joined the Navy, serving at the Marine Corps Base Quantico, Virginia, Naval Station Argentia, Newfoundland and at the Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland. During his four years in the Navy, Cosby served as a Hospital Corpsman working in physical therapy with Navy and Marine Corps personnel injured during the Korean War.〔 He finished his equivalency diploma via correspondence courses〔("Bill Cosby" ). The Kennedy Center. Retrieved February 10, 2014.〕 and was awarded a track and field scholarship to Philadelphia's Temple University in 1961.〔("Bill Cosby" ). Ebony Society of Philatelic Events and Reflections. Retrieved February 10, 2014.〕 There, he studied physical education while running track and playing fullback on the university's football team. As Cosby progressed through his undergraduate studies, he continued to hone his talent for humor, joking with fellow enlistees in the service and then with college friends. When he began bartending at a Philadelphia club to earn money, he became more aware of his ability to make people laugh. After using humor on his customers and seeing his tips increase, he then took his talent to the stage. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bill Cosby」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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