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Binary file
A binary file is a computer file that is not a text file. Many binary file formats contain parts that can be interpreted as text; for example, some computer document files containing formatted text, such as older Microsoft Word document files, contain the text of the document but also contain formatting information in binary form.
When downloading, a completely functional program without any installer is also often called a program binary, or binaries (as opposed to the source code).
== Structure ==
Binary files are usually thought of as being a sequence of bytes, which means the binary digits (bits) are grouped in eights. Binary files typically contain bytes that are intended to be interpreted as something other than text characters. Compiled computer programs are typical examples; indeed, compiled applications are sometimes referred to, particularly by programmers, as binaries. But binary files can also mean that they contain images, sounds, compressed versions of other files, etc. — in short, any type of file content whatsoever.
Some binary files contain headers, blocks of metadata used by a computer program to interpret the data in the file. The header often contains a signature or ''magic'' number which can identify the format. For example, a GIF file can contain multiple images, and headers are used to identify and describe each block of image data. The leading bytes of the header would contain text like ''GIF87a'' or ''GIF89a'' that can identify the binary as a GIF file. If a binary file does not contain any headers, it may be called a flat binary file.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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