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Blastocladiomycota
Blastocladiomycota is one of the currently recognized phyla within the kingdom Fungi.〔Hibbett DS et al. 2007. A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the fungi. Mycological Research 111:509–47.〕 Blastocladiomycota was originally the order Blastocladiales within the phylum Chytridiomycota until molecular and zoospore ultrastructural characters were used to demonstrate it was not monophyletic with Chytridiomycota.〔 The order was first erected by Petersen for a single genus, ''Blastocladia'', which was originally considered a member of the oomycetes.〔Sparrow FK. 1960. Aquatic phycomycetes. 2nd ed. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.〕 Accordingly, members of Blastocladiomycota are often referred to colloquially as "chytrids." However, some feel "chytrid" should refer only to members of Chytridiomycota.〔Alexopoulos CJ, Mims CW, Blackwell M. 1996. Introductory Mycology. 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.〕 Thus, members of Blastocladiomyota are commonly called "blastoclads" by mycologists. Alternatively, members of Blastocladiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Neocallimastigomycota lumped together as the zoosporic true fungi. Blastocaldiomycota contains 5 families and approximately 12 genera.〔Porter TM ‘’etal’’ 2011. Molecular phylogeny of the Blastocladiomycota (Fungi) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA. Fungal Biology 115:381-392.〕 This early diverging branch of kingdom Fungi is the first to exhibit alternation of generations.〔Kendrick, Bryce. 2000. The Fifth Kingdom. 3rd edition Focus Publishing: Newburyport, MA.〕 As well, two (once) popular model organisms—''Allomyces macrogynous'' and ''Blastocladiella emersonii''—belong to this phylum.〔
==Morphology==
Morphology in Blastocladiomycota varies greatly. For example, members of Coelomycetaceae are simple, unwalled, and plasmodial in nature. Some species in ''Blastocladia'' are monocentric, like the chytrids, while others are polycentric. The most remarkable are those members, such as ''Allomyces'' that demonstrate determinant, differentiated growth.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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