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Boeing 747
The Boeing 747 is a wide-body commercial jet airliner and cargo aircraft, often referred to by its original nickname, ''Jumbo Jet'', or ''Queen of the Skies''. Its distinctive "hump" upper deck along the forward part of the aircraft makes it among the world's most recognizable aircraft, and it was the first wide-body produced. Manufactured by Boeing's Commercial Airplane unit in the United States, the original version of the 747 had two and a half times greater capacity than the Boeing 707,〔Branson, Richard. ("Pilot of the Jet Age." ) ''Time'', December 7, 1998. Retrieved: December 13, 2007.〕 one of the common large commercial aircraft of the 1960s. First flown commercially in 1970, the 747 held the passenger capacity record for 37 years.〔("A380 superjumbo lands in Sydney." ) ''BBC,'' October 25, 2007. Retrieved: August 3, 2010. Quote: "The superjumbo's advent ends a reign of nearly four decades by the Boeing 747 as the world's biggest airliner."〕
The four-engine 747 uses a double deck configuration for part of its length. It is available in passenger, freighter and other versions. Boeing designed the 747's hump-like upper deck to serve as a first class lounge or extra seating, and to allow the aircraft to be easily converted to a cargo carrier by removing seats and installing a front cargo door. Boeing did so because the company expected supersonic airliners (development of which was announced in the early 1960s) to render the 747 and other subsonic airliners obsolete, while the demand for subsonic cargo aircraft would be robust well into the future.〔Orlebar 2002, p. 50.〕 The 747 was expected to become obsolete after 400 were sold,〔Haenggi 2003, pp. 14–15.〕 but it exceeded critics' expectations with production passing the 1,000 mark in 1993.〔Sutter 2006, p. 259.〕 By August 2015, 1,512 aircraft had been built, with 29 of the 747-8 variants remaining on order.〔("747 Model Orders and Deliveries data." ) ''The Boeing Company'', May 2015. Retrieved: June 12, 2015.〕
The 747-400, the most common passenger version in service, has a high-subsonic cruise speed of Mach 0.85–0.855 (up to ) with an intercontinental range of 7,260 nautical miles (8,350 mi or 13,450 km).〔("Technical Characteristics – Boeing 747-400" ), ''The Boeing Company''. Retrieved: April 29, 2006.〕 The 747-400 passenger version can accommodate 416 passengers in a typical three-class layout, 524 passengers in a typical two-class layout, or 660 passengers in a high density one-class configuration.〔 The newest version of the aircraft, the 747-8, is in production and received certification in 2011. Deliveries of the 747-8F freighter version to launch customer Cargolux began in October 2011; deliveries of the 747-8I passenger version to Lufthansa began in May 2012. The 747 is to be replaced by the Boeing Y3 (part of the Boeing Yellowstone Project) in the future.
==Development==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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