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Bolsterstone is a village in South Yorkshire, England, located south of Stocksbridge, and 8.5 miles to the northwest of the City of Sheffield and within the city borough. It lies on the border of the Peak District national park. Bolsterstone had a population of 386 in 2011.〔Bolsterstone is made up of Output Area E00041273 in the Stocksbridge and Upper Don ward http://ukcensusdata.com/stocksbridge-and-upper-don-e00041273#A39e7ccp.dpbs〕 ==Geography and history== Bolsterstone is located less than 1 km south of the town of Stocksbridge within civil parish of Stocksbridge,〔Ordnance survey. 1:25000. c.2012〕 and the electoral ward of Stocksbridge and Upper Don. The village is at a height of around above sea level on the northern side of the east-west Ewden valley, north of the Broomhead reservoir and More Hall reservoir.〔 The origin of the name "Bolsterstone" is unknown, it may a corruption of the root word "Walder" (also used in local place names, including a barrow.), or may refer to two large stones in the village, which are referred to as the "Bolster Stones". The village is thought to have been established in the Anglo-Saxon period.〔Bolsterstone Conservation Area Appraisal (2009), 3.3-3.4〕 St Mary's Church, Bolsterstone was founded in 1412, and a fortified manor house ("Bolsterstone castle") is thought to have be built by an Earl of Shrewsbury.〔Bolsterstone Conservation Area Appraisal (2009), 3.5-3.6〕 Two buildings dating from the 16th or 17th centuries are thought to be remnants of the castle: ''Castle Cottages'' are mostly 19th century with parts of walls dating from the earlier period; ''Porters Lodge'', also mostly 19th century is thought to contain elements of the castle gatehouse. A Free School was built in the village in 1686, (rebuilt 1780). Land around the village was enclosed after 1778, and St. Mary's church was rebuilt in the 1790s.〔Bolsterstone Conservation Area Appraisal (2009), 3.9-3.11〕 In 1802 the entire manor of Bolsterstone, over was put up for sale, and acquired by James Rimington.〔Bolsterstone Conservation Area Appraisal (2009), 3.12〕 The 'Castle Inn' was built in 1840;〔Bolsterstone Area (S&DHS), The Castle Inn Public House〕 Bolsterstone National School in 1851/2 and the Free School rebuilt in 1857;〔〔Bolsterstone Area (S&DHS), Bolsterstone Schools〕 and a vicarage built in 1862; between 1872 and 1879 St Mary's church was again rebuilt.〔Bolsterstone Conservation Area Appraisal (2009), 3.13-3.16〕 As of 2009 the village functions as a residential village; the village has no shops, and both schools have closed; the National School building is used as a village hall.〔Bolsterstone Conservation Area Appraisal (2009), 3.17, 4.4-4.5〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bolsterstone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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