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Traditional lighting equipment of Japan
The traditional lighting equipment of Japan includes the ''andon'' (行灯), the ''bonbori'' (雪洞), the ''chōchin'' (提灯), and the ''tōrō'' (灯篭).
==Andon==
The ''andon'' (:ja:行灯) is a lamp consisting of paper stretched over a frame of bamboo, wood or metal. The paper protected the flame from the wind. Burning oil in a stone or ceramic holder, with a wick of cotton, provided the light. Rapeseed oil was popular. Candles were also used, but their higher price made them less popular. A lower-priced alternative was sardine oil.
The ''andon'' became popular in the Edo period. Early on, the andon was handheld; it could also be placed on a stand or hung on a wall. The ''okiandon'' was most common indoors. Many had a vertical box shape, with an inner stand for the light. Some had a drawer on the bottom to facilitate refilling and lighting. A handle on top made it portable. A variety was the ''Enshū andon''. One explanation attributes it to Kobori Enshu, who lived in the late Azuchi-Momoyama Period and early Edo period. Tubular in shape, it had an opening instead of a drawer. Another variety was the ''Ariake andon'', a bedside lamp. The ''kakeandon'' under the eaves of a shop, often bearing the name of the merchant, was a common sight in the towns.
The expression ''hiru andon'', or "daytime lamp," meant someone or something that seemed to serve no purpose. In dramatizations of the story of the forty-seven ronin, Oishi Yoshio is often given this description.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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