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Borohydride : ウィキペディア英語版
Borohydride

Borohydride refers to the anion BH4 and its salts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tetrahydroborate )〕 Borohydride is also the term used for compounds containing BH4-nXn, for example cyanoborohydride (B(CN)H3) and triethylborohydride (B(C2H5)3H). Such compounds find wide use as reducing agents in organic synthesis. The most important borohydrides are lithium borohydride and sodium borohydride, but other salts are well known (see Table).〔Rittmeyer, P.; Wietelmann, U. “Hydrides” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 〕 Tetrahydroborates are also of academic and industrial interest in inorganic chemistry.〔Makheav, V.D. ''Russ. Chem. Rev.'' 2000, ''69'', 727-746.〕
==History==
Alkali metal borohydrides were described in 1940 by Hermann Irving Schlesinger and Herbert C. Brown. They synthesized lithium borohydride (LiBH4) from diborane (B2H6):〔Schlesinger, H.C.; Brown, H.R. "Metallo Borohydrides. III. Lithium Borohydride" ''J. Am. Chem. Soc.'' 1940, ''62'', 3429-3435. 〕〔Schlesinger, H.C.; Brown, H.R.; Hoekstra, L.R. "Reactions of Diborane with Alkali Metal Hydrides and Their Addition Compounds. New Syntheses of Borohydrides. Sodium and Potassium Borohydrides" ''J. Am. Chem. Soc.'' 1953, ''75'', 199–204. 〕
:2 MH + B2H6 → 2 M()     (M = Li, Na, K, etc.)
Current methods involve reduction of trimethyl borate with sodium hydride.〔

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