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Bottiaeans or ''Bottiaei'' (Greek: ) were an ancient people of uncertain origin, living in Central Macedonia. Sometime, during the Archaic period, they were expelled by Macedonians from Bottiaea to Bottike. During the Classical era, they played an active role in the military history of ancient Chalcidice, but after the Macedonian conquest under Philip II nothing remained except the names of these two regions and the adjective Bottiaean, which was limited to sole geographical meaning. Unlike other tribes of Macedonia ruled by kings or living in villages, Bottiaeans developed some polis form of self-government. Unfortunately, no Bottiaean individual is known to us and the limited historical or archaeological sources shed no further light. ==Origin== According to Strabo, Bottiaeans were Cretan immigrants from Iapygia,〔Geographica VI, Chapter 3, 2〕 so named after their leader , Botton,〔Geographica VII, fragments , 11〕 in pre-Argead Macedonia (Emathia), most of which, as Strabo says, was held by Bottiaeans and Thracians, as well Paionians, Illyrians and Epirotes. According to Plutarch,〔Parallel Lives Theseus (16.1 ) and Moralia IV. Greek Questions: 35〕 they were Athenian slaves of Minoan Crete: The same story is related by the Roman-era mythographer Conon.〔Bibliotheca (Photius) 186.135a〕 Homer and early Epic poets make no mention of them. Herodotus in 7.185.1 lists them along with various other tribes in the Xerxes I's European army. In 8.127.1: Thucydides (2.99) includes Bottiaeans with other deported nations by Macedonians. They were deported from Bottiaea to Bottike after the expulsion of the Pieres from Pieria to Pieris. According to the 'Cambridge ancient history':〔The Cambridge ancient history, Volume 3, Part 3 By Cambridge University Press (Page 273 ) ISBN 0-521-22717-8〕〔The Cambridge ancient history, Volume 1; Volume 3 (Page 650 ) By John Boederman (2002)〕 However, if two 6th and early 5th century BC cow-and-calf coins〔(Coins of Bottiaia )〕 found in Bottiaea belong to Bottiaeans, it seems that not all of them were expelled. Some toponyms of Bottiaea have been proposed as having Cretan origin (Gortynia - Gortys, Axius - Oaxos, Europos - Europa etc.) but nothing is conclusive. Various origins have been speculated: Minoan, Greek, Thracian, even Messapian. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bottiaeans」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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