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Bouillotte is an 18th-century French gambling card game of the Revolution based on Brelan,〔David Parlett, ''Oxford Dictionary of Card Games,'' p. 30, Oxford University Press (1996) ISBN 0-19-869173-4〕 very popular during the 19th century in France and again for some years from 1830. It was also popular in America. The game is regarded as one of the games that influenced the open-card stud variation in poker.〔Shamshad Ahmed, ''(Dictionary Of Games ),'' p. 33, Isha Books (2006) ISBN 81-8205-267-X〕 It also gave rise to the Bouillotte lamp, consisting of one or several candlesticks with a central standard equipped with a non-flammable adjustable shade. often made of tôle, a painted or lacquered metal, reflective white on the inside, dark on the outside, that could be lowered as the candles burned down. ==Game== A piquet pack is used, reduced to twenty cards by removing the sevens, tens and Jacks. When five people play, the Jacks are not removed, and when three play, the queens are taken out as well. The ace is the highest card in play and in cutting. Two packs are usually used, so that while one deck is being used, the other can be shuffled. Counters or chips, as in poker, are used.〔 To determine where a person sits, a sequence of cards is taken out of the deck, equal to the number of players (e.g., with 4 players, an ace, king, queen, and nine are taken, etc.) They are shuffled, and each player draws one. The player with the ace chooses where to sit first, etc. First dealer is the player with the king. Before the deal each player "antes" one counter to the pot, after which each, the "age" passing, may "raise" the pot; those not "seeing the raise" being obliged to drop out. Three cards are dealt to each player, and a thirteenth, called the ''retourné'', when four play, turned up. Each player must then bet, call, raise or drop out. When a call is made the hands are shown and the best hand wins. The hands rank as follows: *''Brélan Carré'', four of a kind, one being the ''retourné''. *''Simple Brélan'', three of a kind, ace being high. *''Brélan Favori'', three of a kind, one being the ''retourné''.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bouillotte」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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