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|latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW= |population_as_of = 2011 |population_total = 183,491 |population_rank = Ranked 88th |population_density_km2 = auto |population_demonym = |timezone = Greenwich Mean Time |utc_offset = +0 |timezone_DST = British Summer Time |utc_offset_DST = +1 |postal_code_type = Postcode |postal_code = BH1–11 |area_code = 01202 |blank_name = ISO 3166-2 |blank_info = |website = (www.bournemouth.gov.uk ) }} Bournemouth is a large coastal resort town on the south coast of England directly to the east of the Jurassic Coast, a World Heritage Site. According to the 2011 census, the town has a population of 183,491 making it the largest settlement in Dorset. With Poole to the west and Christchurch in the east, Bournemouth forms the South East Dorset conurbation, which has a total population of over 465,000. Before it was founded in 1810 by Lewis Tregonwell, the area was a deserted heathland occasionally visited by fishermen and smugglers. Initially marketed as a health resort, the town received a boost when it appeared in Dr Granville's book, ''The Spas of England''. Bournemouth's growth really accelerated with the arrival of the railway and it became a recognised town in 1870. Historically part of Hampshire, it joined Dorset with the reorganisation of local government in 1974. Since 1997, the town has been administered by a unitary authority, giving it autonomy from Dorset County Council although it remains part of the ceremonial county. The local council is Bournemouth Borough Council. The town centre has notable Victorian architecture and the spire of St Peter's Church, one of three Grade I listed churches in the borough, is a local landmark. Bournemouth's location has made it a popular destination for tourists, attracting over five million visitors annually with its beaches and popular nightlife. The town is also a regional centre of business, home of the Bournemouth International Centre or BIC, and a financial sector that is worth more than £1,000 million in Gross Value Added. ==Toponymy== The first mention of Bournemouth comes in the Christchurch cartulary of 1406, where a monk describes how a large fish ("uni magno piscis"), 18 ft. long, was washed up at "La Bournemowthe" in October of that year and taken to the Manor of Wick; six days later, a portion of the fish was collected by a canon from Christchurch Priory and taken away as tithe.〔A. McKinstry, ''The Village of Tuckton, 35,000 BC - 1926'' (Christchurch: Natula Publications, 2015), p. 12.〕 "La Bournemowthe", however, was purely a geographic reference to the uninhabited area around the mouth of the small river which, in turn, drained the heathland between the towns of Poole and Christchurch.〔〔〔Andrews & Henson (p.7)〕 The word ''bourne'', meaning a small stream, is a derivative of ''burna'', old English for a brook.〔Edwards (p.24)〕〔Ashley & Ashley (p.51)〕 From the latter half of the 16th century "Bourne Mouth" seems to be preferred, being recorded as such in surveys and reports of the period, but this appears to have been shortened to "Bourne" after the area had started to develop.〔〔 A travel guide published in 1831 calls the place "Bourne Cliffe" or "Tregonwell's Bourne" after its founder.〔Ashley & Ashley (p.9)〕 ''The Spas of England'', published ten years later, calls it simply "Bourne"〔Edwards (p.39)〕 as does an 1838 edition of the ''Hampshire Advertiser''.〔Edwards (p.32)〕 In the late 19th century "Bournemouth" became predominant, although its two-word form appears to have remained in use up until at least the early 20th century, turning up on a 1909 ordnance map.〔Ashley and Ashley (p.52)〕〔Andrews and Henson (p.7)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bournemouth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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