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The biological subfamily Bovinae includes a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large-sized ungulates, including domestic cattle, bison, African buffalo, the water buffalo, the yak, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes. The evolutionary relationship between the members of the group is obscure, and their classification into loose tribes rather than formal subgroups reflects this uncertainty. General characteristics include cloven hoofs and usually at least one of the sexes of a species having true horns. The largest extant bovine is the gaur. In most countries, bovids are used for food. Cattle are eaten almost everywhere, but in parts of India and Nepal they are considered sacred by most Hindus. ==Systematics and classification== * FAMILY BOVIDAE * * Subfamily Bovinae * * * Tribe Boselaphini * * * * Genus ''Tetracerus'' * * * * *Four-horned antelope, ''Tetracerus quadricornis'' * * * * * *''T.q. quadricornis'' * * * * * *''T.q. iodes'' * * * * * *''T.q. subquadricornis'' * * * * Genus ''Boselaphus'' * * * * *Nilgai or blue bull, ''Boselaphus tragocamelus'' (not to be confused with the extinct bluebuck ''Hippotragus leucophaeus'', Hippotraginae) * * * * * *''B.t. tragocamelus'' (Indian nilgai) * * * Tribe Bovini * * * * Genus ''Bubalus'' * * * * * Water buffalo, ''Bubalus bubalis'' * * * * * Wild Asian water buffalo, ''Bubalus arnee'' * * * * * Lowland anoa, ''Bubalus depressicornis'' * * * * * Mountain anoa, ''Bubalus quarlesi'' * * * * * Tamaraw, ''Bubalus mindorensis'' * * * * * Cebu tamaraw†, ''Bubalus cebuensis'' (extinct) * * * * Genus ''Bos'' * * * * * Aurochs†, ''Bos primigenius'' (extinct) * * * * * Banteng, ''Bos javanicus'' * * * * * Gaur, ''Bos gaurus'' * * * * * Gayal, ''Bos frontalis'' (domestic gaur) * * * * * Yak, ''Bos mutus'', ''Bos grunniens'' * * * * * ''Bos palaesondaicus''†, (extinct) * * * * * Domestic cattle, ''Bos taurus'' * * * * * Domestic zebu, ''Bos indicus'' * * * * * Kouprey, ''Bos sauveli'' * * * * Genus ''Pseudoryx'' * * * * * Saola, ''Pseudoryx nghetinhensis'' * * * * Genus ''Syncerus'' * * * * * African buffalo, ''Syncerus caffer'' * * * * Genus ''Bison'' * * * * * American bison, ''Bison bison'' * * * * * Wisent, ''Bison bonasus'' * * * * * ''Bison palaeosinensis''†, (extinct) * * * * * Steppe wisent†, ''Bison priscus'' (extinct) * * * * * Ancient bison†, ''Bison antiquus'' (extinct) * * * * * Long-horned bison†, ''Bison latifrons'' (extinct) * * * * Genus ''Pelorovis''† (extinct) * * * * * Giant buffalo†, ''Pelorovis antiquus'' (extinct) * * * Tribe Strepsicerotini * * * * Genus ''Tragelaphus'' (antelope-like) * * * * * Bongo, ''Tragelaphus eurycerus'' * * * * * Greater kudu, ''Tragelaphus strepsiceros'' * * * * * Kéwel, ''Tragelaphus scriptus'' * * * * * Imbabala, ''Tragelaphus sylvaticus'' * * * * * Lesser kudu, ''Tragelaphus imberbis'' * * * * * Mountain nyala, ''Tragelaphus buxtoni'' * * * * * Nyala, ''Tragelaphus angasii'' * * * * * Sitatunga, ''Tragelaphus spekeii'' * * * * Genus ''Taurotragus'' * * * * * Common eland, ''Taurotragus oryx'' * * * * * Giant eland, ''Taurotragus derbianus'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bovinae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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