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''Brachauchenius'' (meaning 'short neck') is an extinct genus of pliosaurid that lived in America (USA and Colombia) during the Cretaceous. The type species, ''Brachauchenius lucasi'', lived in the Western Inland Sea of North America around 93.5-89.3 million years ago, during the Turonian stage of the Cretaceous. An older specimen referred to ''Brachauchenius'' from the Barremian of Colombia represents the first re-occurrence of the non-rhomaleosaurid pliosaurs after a Berriasian-Hauterivian hiatus.〔Hampe O. 2005. Considerations on a ''Brachauchenius'' skeleton (Pliosauroidea) from the lower Paja Formation (late Barremian) of Villa de Leyva area (Colombia). ''Fossil Record - Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin'' 8 (1): 37-51.〕 The first known (type) specimen (USNM 4989) was collected by Charles Hazelius Sternberg from Ottawa County, Kansas in 1884.〔''Everhart MJ. 2005. Oceans of Kansas - A Natural History of the Western Interior Sea''. Indiana University Press, 320 pp. ISBN 0-253-34547-2.〕〔Everhart MJ. 2007. Historical note on the 1884 discovery of ''Brachauchenius lucasi'' (Plesiosauria; Pliosauridae) in Ottawa County, Kansas. ''Kansas Academy of Science, Transactions'' 110 (3/4): 255-258.〕 It had a skull length of about 90 cm. The species was named by Samuel W. Williston.〔〔Williston SW. 1907. The skull of ''Brachauchenius'', with special observations on the relationships of the plesiosaurs. ''United States National Museum Proceedings'' 32: 477-489. (pls. 34-37)〕 ''Brachauchenius'' represents the last known occurrence of a pliosaur in North America. A larger specimen (FHSM VP-321 - skull length 170 cm) was collected by George Fryer Sternberg in 1952 from the Fairport Chalk of Russell County, Kansas, and later described by Carpenter.〔Carpenter K. 1996. A Review of short-necked plesiosaurs from the Cretaceous of the western interior, North America. ''Neues Jahbruch für Geol. Palaont. Abh. (Stuttgart)'' 201 (2): 259-287.〕 Schumacher and Everhart (2005) reported on the age and locality of both Kansas specimens.〔Schumacher BA, Everhart MJ. 2005. A stratigraphic and taxonomic review of plesiosaurs from the old “Fort Benton Group” of central Kansas: A new assessment of old records. ''Paludicola'' 5 (2): 33-54.〕 This pliosaur grew to around 10 meters (30 ft) in length. This specimen was reassigned to its own genus and species, ''Megacephalosaurus eulerti''. ==See also== * List of plesiosaur genera * Timeline of plesiosaur research 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brachauchenius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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