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''Brachyscome'' is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae. Most are endemic to Australia, and a few occur in New Zealand and New Guinea.〔(Genus ''Brachyscome''. ) PlantNet. New South Wales Flora Online. The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney.〕 The genus name is spelled ''Brachycome'' by some authors. Henri Cassini published the name ''Brachyscome'' in 1816, forming it from the classical Greek ''brachys'' ("short") and ''kome'' ("hair"), a reference to the very short pappus bristles. Because the combining form of ''brachys'' in Greek compound words is ''brachy-'', Cassini later corrected the spelling to ''Brachycome''. Australian taxonomists still debate whether Cassini's corrected spelling is admissible under the rules of botanical nomenclature. A proposal to conserve ''Brachycome'' was rejected in 1993 by the Committee for Spermatophyta.〔Brummitt, R. K. (1993). (Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 38. ) ''Taxon'' 42(3), 687-97.〕 These are annual and perennial herbs and small shrubs. Species have a basal rosette of leaves and/or leaves alternately arranged on the stem. The blades are entire or divided. The flower heads are solitary or borne in small corymbs. The head has a row of ray florets in shades of white, blue, pink, or mauve, and yellow disc florets.〔 The genus is distinguished from other genera in tribe Astereae mainly by the structure of the fruit. These achenes or cypselas are roughly club-shaped but usually incurved and flattened. They often have a membranous rim or wing around the edge that is sometimes wavy or fringed. The pappus is less than one millimeter long in most species.〔Everett, J. "''Brachycome''". In: Harden, G. J. (ed.) ''Flora of New South Wales'' volume 3, pages 155-67. University of New South Wales Press. 1992.〕 ''Brachyscome'' species are found in a wide range of habitats. They occupy rainy coastal and mountainous regions as well as dry central Australia.〔Watanabe, K., et al. (1999). (Chromosomal evolution in the genus ''Brachyscome'' (Asteraceae, Astereae): statistical tests regarding correlation between changes in karyotype and habit using phylogenetic information. ) ''Journal of Plant Research'' 112(2), 145-61.〕 One of the annual plains species, ''Brachyscome dichromosomatica'', is remarkable for its low chromosome count. In this species ''n''=2, though some plants have 1, 2 or 3 additional large B chromosomes.〔Carter, C. R. (1978). Taxonomy of the ''Brachycome lineariloba'' complex (Asteraceae). ''Telopea'' 5, 387-93.〕 The genus has an unusually large range of chromosome counts, from ''n''=2 to ''n''=18.〔 Some ''Brachyscome'' are popular as easily cultivated ornamental plants for flower gardens, and many cultivars are bred for their form, foliage, and flowers.〔(Research Garden. ) Royal Botanic Gardens, Cranbourne.〕 ==Species== There are between 65 and 80 species in the genus.〔〔〔(''Brachyscome''. ) The Plant List.〕 (詳細はBrachyscome angustifolia'' - stiff daisy, grassland daisy *''Brachyscome chrysoglossa'' - yellow-tongue daisy *''Brachyscome ciliaris'' - variable daisy *''Brachyscome iberidifolia'' - Swan River daisy *''Brachyscome multifida'' - cut-leaved daisy, rock daisy, Hawkesbury daisy *''Brachyscome scapigera'' - tufted daisy *''Brachyscome segmentosa'' - Lord Howe daisy, mountain daisy 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brachyscome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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