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BrainShield
BrainShield is an impact-diverting sticker-like decal invented by Shield-X Technology Inc. BrainShield is designed to enhance helmet performance in contact sports and activities where traumatic brain injury (TBI) such as concussions occur. This includes American Football, Ice Hockey, Lacrosse, Cycling or other activities that use a helmet. BrainShield, during angled impacts, significantly reduces rotational acceleration caused by friction. Rotational Forces are thought to be the major component in concussion〔Poirier MP (2003). "Concussions: Assessment, management, and recommendations for return to activity". ''Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine'' 4 (3): 179–85. doi:10.1016/S1522-8401(03)00061-2.〕 and its severity.〔Anderson T, Heitger M, Macleod AD (2006)."Concussion and mild head injury" (PDF). ''Practical Neurology'' 6 (6): 342–57. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.106583.〕 BrainShield is designed to look like a conventional helmet decal. It is a thin, lightweight, transparent and weatherproof decal.
== History ==
BrainShield was developed through 6 years of research and development at Simon Fraser University's Head Injury Prevention Lab. A spin-off company (Shield-X Technology Inc.) was formed to commercialize BrainShield. Currently, the majority of available helmet designs are made and tested only to protect the head against direct radial impacts, which cause a linear acceleration of the brain.〔By, Prepared. "STANDARD PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION FOR NEWLY MANUFACTURED FOOTBALL HELMETS." ''STANDARD PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION FOR NEWLY MANUFACTURED FOOTBALL HELMETS NOCSAE DOC (ND)002-13m13'' (n.d.): n. pag. ''NOCSAE''. NOCSAE, Dec. 2013. Web. 4 Oct. 2015. .〕 However, a helmet almost always impacts an obstacle obliquely (at an angle) causing injury due to both linear and rotational acceleration of the brain. The brain tissue is six orders of magnitude or 1,000,000 times more sensitive to shear forces than to compression forces.〔KLEIVEN, SVEIN. “WHY MOST TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES ARE NOT CAUSED BY LINEAR ACCELERATION BUT SKULL FRACTURES ARE.” FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 1 (2013): 15. PMC.
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Through standard oblique drop tests of american football, ice hockey, bicycle and motorcycle helmets using a standard human headform, it was found that reducing the frictional force can significantly reduce the rotational acceleration experienced by the headform. BrainShield was first tested during the 2014 season of Simon Fraser University's Clan Football Team. "According to the coach (Jacques Chapdelaine), the number of concussions dropped from 14 cases in 2013 to only four cases in 2014." BrainShield was brought into commercial use in the October 2015 after being adopted by the football teams of Handsworth Secondary School and Vernon Secondary School.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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