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''Brassica'' () is a genus of plants in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). The members of the genus are informally known as cruciferous vegetables, cabbages, or mustard plant. Crops from this genus are sometimes called ''cole crops''derived from the Latin ''caulis'', denoting the stem or stalk of a plant.〔 Members of brassica commonly used for food include cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and some seeds as in the production of canola oil. The genus is known for its important agricultural and horticultural crops and includes a number of weeds, both of wild taxa and escapees from cultivation. It counts over 30 wild species and hybrids plus numerous cultivars and hybrids of cultivated origin. Most are seasonal plants (annuals or biennials), but some are small shrubs. ''Brassica'' plants have been the subject of much scientific interest for their agricultural importance. Six particular species (''B. carinata'', ''B. juncea'', ''B. oleracea'', ''B. napus'', ''B. nigra'' and ''B. rapa'') evolved by the combining of chromosomes from three earlier species, as described by the Triangle of U theory. The genus is native in the wild in Western Europe, the Mediterranean and temperate regions of Asia and many wild species grow as weeds, especially in North America, South America, and Australia. A dislike for cabbage or broccoli can result from the fact that these plants contain a compound similar to phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), which is bitter or tasteless to some people depending on their 'taste buds'.〔 In the division of a large number of plants in the plant kingdom into the groups "monocotyledon" and "dicotyledon" all members of ''Brassica'' are dicotyledons.〔USDA Plants web page: http://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet?source=display&classid=BRASS2 Accessed: 2 December 2014〕 == Uses == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brassica」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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