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Kirkby Thore
Kirkby Thore is a small village, civil parish and hill in Cumbria, England at . It is close to the Lake District national park and the Cumbrian Pennines. The market town of Appleby-in-Westmorland is about 5 miles away, and the larger town of Penrith is about 8 miles away. As this suggests, it is in the historic county of Westmorland.
==History==
The place-name 'Kirkby Thore' is first attested in 1179 in the 'Register of Holm Cultram', where it appears as ''Kirkebythore''. ''Kirkby'' means 'church village' or 'village with a church', whilst ''Thore'' is an Old Norse personal name related to the god Thor.〔Eilert Ekwall, ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names'', p.280. 〕
The village is on the site of a Roman cavalry camp called Bravoniacum or ''Brovonacae'' and Roman coins, tombstones, sandals, urns, earthen vessels, and the cusp of a spear have been found in the locality. The Maiden Way Roman road led north from Bravoniacum to Epiacum (Whitley Castle) to Magnae (Carvoran) on Hadrian's Wall, where it joins the Stanegate road running from west to east. A continuation ran east to Banna and then north to the Shrine of Cocidius (Bewcastle). The Anglican church of St Michael in Kirkby Thore is built of red sandstone and dates from Norman times. The village also has a Methodist chapel.
Gypsum has been quarried or mined in the area for over 200 years. The local British Gypsum Ltd plant has produced plaster since 1910 and plasterboard since the 1960s. Currently it is more economic to transport gypsum by rail from Drax Power Station than to mine it locally. British Gypsum has a private siding on the Settle-Carlisle Railway which passes to the north of the village.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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