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The Breitspurbahn ((:ˈbʁaɪtʃpuːɐ̯baːn), translation: ''broad-gauge railway'') was a planned broad-gauge railway, proposed by Adolf Hitler during the Nazi regime in Germany, supposed to run on 3-metre gauge track with double-deck coaches between major cities of ''Grossdeutschland'', Hitler's expanded Germany.〔Puffert, Douglas J. (2009). ''Tracks across continents, paths through history: the economic dynamics of standardization in railway gauge''. Chicago : University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226685090. p 182〕 ==History== Since reparations due after World War I had to be paid, the Germany railway company Deutsche Reichsbahn lacked money for appropriate expansion and sufficient maintenance of their track network and rolling stock. After the seizure of power of Hitler and the NSDAP, commercial and civilian traffic had increased due to economic stimulation. Deutsche Reichsbahn was now faced with a serious capacity problem. As a result, in part driven by their military objectives, the government began to prepare plans to modernize the railway network and increase transport capacity. Hitler believed that the standard Stephenson gauge was obsolete and was too narrow for the full development of railways.〔 Also, as Hitler envisioned the future German empire as being essentially a land-based Empire (as represented by the Heartland Theory of Halford Mackinder, and strongly hinted at within the opening narrative of ''The Nazis Strike''), the new German railways were imagined as a land-based equivalent of the cruise ships and freighters connecting the maritime British Empire.〔 Hitler embraced a suggestion from Fritz Todt to build a new high-capacity ''Reichsspurbahn'' (Imperial Gauge Railway) with notably increased gauge. Objections from railway experts — who foresaw difficulties in introducing a new, incompatible gauge (and proposed 4-track standard gauge lines instead), and who could not imagine any use for the vast transport capacity of such a railway — were ignored, and Hitler ordered the ''Breitspurbahn'' to be built with initial lines between Hamburg, Berlin, Nuremberg, Munich, and Linz. The project engaged commercial partners Krauss-Maffei, Henschel, Borsig, BBC, and Krupp, but did not develop beyond line planning and initial survey. Throughout World War II, 100 officials and 80 engineers continued to work on the project.〔Housden, K. (2000). ''Hitler : Biography of a Revolutionary.'' Routledge. p. 156 ISBN 0-415-16358-7〕 The intended Russian territory included within Hitler's ''Lebensraum'' (sub-''Breitspurbahn'' system) plans already used a slightly wider, 1.52 meter rail gauge, barely half the width of the compromise, and the 2.14 meter rail gauge, which was formerly used by the Great Western Railway in Great Britain in 19th century, roughly three-quarter the width of the compromise, and the 1.95 meter rail gauge, which formerly used in the Netherlands prior 1866, roughly two-third the width of the compromise three meter rail gauge of the proposed ''Breitspurbahn'' system. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Breitspurbahn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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