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Brioude : ウィキペディア英語版
Brioude

Brioude ((オック語:Briude)) is a commune in the Haute-Loire department in the Auvergne region in south-central France. It lies on the banks of the River Allier, a tributary of the Loire.
==History==
At Brioude, the ancient ''Brivas'', its martyrs in the 4th century, Julien and Ferréol, became its patron saints; according to the Chronicle of Moissac, Euric of Toulouse had the basilica built, in the fourteenth year of his reign (c. 480): it was wondrously decorated with columns.〔"''Apud Tolosam regnavit Eoricus super Gothicus post Theodoricum. Anno 14 regni sui basilicam sancti Juliani Brivate columnis ornatam mirifice construxit.''" (''MGH'' SS 1;284, quoted by Werner Jacobsen, "Saints' Tombs in Frankish Church Architecture" ''Speculum'' 72.4 (October 1997):1107-1143) p. 1110, note 19.〕 The emperor Avitus (acclaimed at Toulouse, died 456) had already been buried at the shrine of Julian at ''Brivas'' (Brioude), according to Gregory of Tours.〔''Historia Francorum'' 2.11.〕 Euric's basilica may have served to venerate both the saint and the Visigothic candidate for Roman Emperor.
Brioude was taken by the Franks, then in turn besieged and captured by the Goths (532), the Burgundians, the Saracens (732) and the Normans.〔 Carolingian Brioude remained a place of some importance: William I of Aquitaine minted ''deniers'' at Brioude. When Louis V of France married Adelaide of Anjou there in 980 they were crowned King and Queen of Aquitaine; the couple was mismatched in age, and Adelaide fled Louis' house in 982, to Arles. The feast of Saint Julian, 28 August,〔(Catholic On-line: Saintsa & Angels: "Saint Julian of Auvergne" )〕 drew such crowds to the saint's relics that in the mid-11th century the chapter was obliged to build a hostel to care for the indigent pilgrim and the sick.〔C. Lauranson-Rosaz, 'L'Auvergne et ses marges de VIIIe au XI siècles'' (Le-Puy-en-Velay) 1987, p 279.〕 In 1181 Eracle III, viscount of Polignac, who had sacked the town two years previously, made public apology in front of the church and established a body of 25 knights to defend the relics of St Julian.〔https://books.google.com/books?id=qm0OAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PA134&ots=Z1Z_iQ8m0q&dq=brioude%20vicomte%20polignac%201181&pg=PA134#v=onepage&q&f=false〕〔 Odilo, later the reforming abbot of Cluny, began his vocation at St. Julian of Brioude, where 54 canons, all of noble birth, held a rank equivalent to bishop: Odilo's biographer reports that he fled. For some time after 1361 the town was the headquarters of Bérenger, lord of Castelnau, who was at the head of one of the bands of military adventurers which then devastated France. The knights (or canons, as they afterwards became) of St. Julian bore the title of counts of Brioude and for a long time opposed themselves to the civic liberties of the inhabitants.〔
The Franks Casket is believed to have been looted from St. Julian of Brioude church during the French Revolution
The ''Almanach de Brioude'' published annually from 1919 has included many articles of local and broader interest.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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