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Bristol () is a city, unitary authority and county in South West England with an estimated population of 442,500 in 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bristol.gov.uk/page/council-and-democracy/population-bristol ) Retrieved 27 September 2015〕 It is England's sixth and the United Kingdom's eighth most populous city,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/whyuwe/unbeatablebristol/aboutbristol/bristolfacts.aspx )〕 and the most populous city in Southern England after London. Bristol is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the Core Cities Group, and is ranked as a gamma world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, the fourth highest ranked English city.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The World According to GaWC 2012 )〕 People from the city are known as Bristolians.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Famous Bristolians )〕 It borders the counties of Somerset and Gloucestershire, with the historic cities of Bath and Gloucester to the southeast and northeast, respectively. The city has a short coastline on the Severn Estuary (which flows into the Bristol Channel). Iron Age hill forts and Roman villas were built in the area around the confluence of the Rivers Frome and Avon, and it became known as Brycgstow (Old English "the place at the bridge") around the beginning of the 11th century. Bristol received a royal charter in 1155 and was part of Gloucestershire until 1373, when it became a county. From the 13th to the 18th century, Bristol was among the top three English cities after London (with York and Norwich) in tax receipts. Bristol was eclipsed by the rapid rise of Manchester, Liverpool and Birmingham during the Industrial Revolution. Bristol's prosperity has been linked with the sea since its earliest days. It was the base for the early voyages of exploration to the New World: on a ship out of Bristol in 1497 John Cabot, a Venetian, was the first European since the Vikings to land in North America, and in 1499 William Weston, a Bristol merchant, was the first Englishman to lead an exploration to North America. The Port of Bristol has since moved from Bristol Harbour in the city centre to the Severn Estuary at Avonmouth and Royal Portbury Dock. Bristol's modern economy is built on the creative media, electronics and aerospace industries, and the city-centre docks have been redeveloped as centres of heritage and culture. The city has two universities, the University of the West of England and the University of Bristol and a variety of artistic and sporting organisations and venues including; The Royal West of England Academy, The Arnolfini, Spike Island, The Bristol Pavilion and The Memorial Stadium. It is well connected to London and other major UK cities by road, rail, sea and air including the M5 and M4 (which connect to the city centre by the M32), Bristol Temple Meads and Bristol Parkway mainline rail stations, and Bristol Airport. Bristol is one of the UK's most popular tourist destinations. It was selected in 2009 as one of the world's top-ten cities by international travel publishers Dorling Kindersley in their ''Eyewitness'' guides for young adults. The ''The Sunday Times'' named Bristol the best city to live in Britain in 2014,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Best places to live in Britain )〕 and won the EU's European Green Capital Award in 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=European Green Capital )〕 == History == Archaeological finds, including flint tools believed to be between 300 and 126,000 years old made with the Levallois technique, indicate the presence of Neanderthals in the Shirehampton and St Annes areas of Bristol during the Middle Palaeolithic. Iron Age hill forts near the city are at Leigh Woods and Clifton Down, on the side of the Avon Gorge, and on Kings Weston Hill near Henbury. A Roman settlement, Abona, existed at what is now Sea Mills (connected to Bath by a Roman road); another was at the present-day Inns Court. Isolated Roman villas and small forts and settlements were also scattered throughout the area. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bristol」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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