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Broxbourne is a commuter town in the Broxbourne borough of Hertfordshire in the East of England with a population of 13,298 in 2001. It is located 17.1 miles (27.5 km) north north-east of Charing Cross in London and about a mile (1.6 km) north of Wormley and south of Hoddesdon. The town is near to the River Lea which forms the boundary with Essex and is 4.5 miles (7.2 km) north of the M25 motorway. To the west of the town are Broxbourne Woods, a National Nature Reserve.〔http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/ourwork/conservation/designatedareas/nnr/1005000.aspx〕 The Prime Meridian passes to the east of Broxbourne. == History == The name Broxbourne is believed to derive from the Old English words ''brocc'' and ''burna'' meaning ''Badger stream''.〔(History of Broxbourne )〕 Broxbourne grew up on the Great Cambridge Road, now known as the A10. A number of old houses and inns dating from the 16th to the 19th century still line the High Street (now the A1170).〔http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43639〕 The Manor of Broxbourne is described in the Domesday Book, which mentions Broxbourne Mill. The manor was held in the time of Edward the Confessor by Stigand, the Archbishop of Canterbury, but had passed into Norman hands following the Conquest. King John granted the manor to the Knights Hospitallers until the Dissolution, when it passed to John Cock, after whose family Cock Lane is named.〔http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43639#s3〕 The parish church of St Augustine was entirely rebuilt in the 15th century, although a 12th-century Purbeck marble font survives. The interior has a number of monuments and brasses dating from the 15th to the 19th century. The three stage tower has a belfry with a peal of eight bells, three of which are dated 1615.〔http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43639#s16〕 The New River which passes through the centre of the town, was constructed in the early 17th century. Broxbourne railway station was built in 1840. A terra cotta works was opened soon afterwards〔http://www.albury-field.demon.co.uk/bxind.htm〕 by James Pulham and Son, who specialised in creating artificial rock garden features; some of their work survives in the gardens at Sandringham House and Buckingham Palace.〔http://www.parksandgardens.ac.uk/index2.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=336&pop=1&page=5&Itemid=1〕 The area was exploited for its gravel and sand extraction in the twentieth century that finally came to an end when the mineral reserves were exhausted in the late 1960s leaving a myriad of water filled lakes. Several of the lakes became form part of the Lee Valley Regional Park.〔(History of Broxbourne Retrieved 8 January 2015 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Broxbourne」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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