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Buke
Buke in the high school of mainland China refers to the social phenomenon of extra study for the improvement of students’ academic performance in National Higher Education Entrance Examination (commonly known as ''Gaokao'') in the form of extra mandatory classes organized by high schools or private tutoring provided by cram school.
== Types ==
Generally, Buke in high schools of mainland China are of two types:
* Extra mandatory classes. In most cases, high schools arrange such classes for students in weekends and holidays, which may follow the ordinary schedule; or in some areas, students will be asked to study in school for extended hours.〔(鄉村補課現象難禁 怕拉大與城裡學校差距不得不補 )〕 In a typical Chinese test-prep factory, Maotanchang High School, students will have their three-hour free time on Sunday afternoon every week ).〔(Inside a Chinese Test-Prep Factory Available online 23 Mar 2015 )〕
* Cram school. The main feature of private tutoring is that it is optional, depending on factors such as personal willingness, study situations, and family economic conditions.〔(中國城鎮學生教育補習的實證分析 )〕 Yu (2012) suggests that private tutoring mainly consists of three forms “(a) one-to-one private tutoring, (b) small groups of students with one tutor, and (c) private tutoring in a large class setting.”〔(Does private tutoring improve students’ National College Entrance Exam performance?—A case study from Jinan, China Available online 23 Mar 2015 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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