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Bukhara ((ウズベク語:''Buxoro''); (タジク語:''Бухоро''); (ペルシア語:''بخارا''); (ロシア語:''Бухара'')), is the one of the cities (viloyat) of Uzbekistan. Bukhara is a city-museum, with about 140 architectural monuments.〔Города Узбекистана, Таш.. 1965; Ашуров Я. С., Гелах Т. Ф., Камалов У. Х., Бухара, Таш., 1963; Сухарева О. А., Бухара XIX—начала XX вв., М., 1966; Пугаченкова Г. А., Самарканд, Бухара, 2 изд., (1968 ); Бухара. Краткий справочник, 4 изд., Таш., 1968. 〕 The nation's fifth-largest city, it had a population of approximately 272,710. Humans have inhabited the region around Bukhara for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the Silk Road, the city has long served as a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. UNESCO has listed the historic center of Bukhara (which contains numerous mosques and madrassas) as a World Heritage Site.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】url =http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travelnews/10999939/21-World-Heritage-Sites-you-have-probably-never-heard-of.html ) 〕 ==Names== Bukhara was known as ''Bukhoro'' in 19th- and early 20th-century English publications and as ''Buhe/Puhe''（捕喝）in Tang Chinese.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=General Info )〕 According to the Encyclopædia Iranica the name Bukhara is possibly derived from the Soghdian ''βuxārak'' ("Place of Good Fortune")〔Richard N Frye, ('Bukhara i. In pre-Islamic times' ), Encyclopædia Iranica, 512.〕 which in turn is derived from Sanskrit ''vihara'' which means Buddhist monasteries. Bukhara emerged as an urban centre of Buddhism in the ancient times along the Silk Route in Central Asia. Muhammad ibn Jafar Narshakhi in his ''History of Bukhara'' (completed 943-44 CE) mentions: Since the Middle Ages, the city has been known as ''Buḫārā'' / بخارا in Arabic and Persian sources. The modern Uzbek spelling is ''Buxoro''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bukhara」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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