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Bakhtshooa Gondishapoori (also spelled ''Bukhtishu'' and ''Bukht-Yishu'' in literature) were Persian〔Philip Jenkins. ''The Lost History of Christianity''. Harper One. 2008. ISBN 0061472808.〕〔Richard Nelson Frye. ''Heritage of Persia''. Mazda Publishers. 2004.〕 or Assyrian Nestorian Christian physicians from the 7th, 8th, and 9th centuries, spanning 6 generations and 250 years. The Middle Persian-Syriac name which can be found as early as at the beginning of the 5th century refers to the eponymous ancestor of this "Syro-Persian Nestorian family".〔Lutz Richter-Bernburg. ''BOḴTĪŠŪʿ''. Enyclopaedia Iranica. Volume IV, Fasc. 3. 1990. ISBN 978-0-7100-9132-1〕 Some of the members of the family served as the personal physicians of Caliphs.〔(Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts: Greek Influences )〕 Jurjis son of Bukht-Yishu was awarded 10,000 dinars by al-Mansur after attending to his malady in 765CE.〔Edward Granville Browne, ''Islamic Medicine'', Goodword pub., 2002, ISBN 81-87570-19-9, p23〕 It is even said that one of the members of this family was received as physician to Imam Sajjad (the 4th Shia Imam) during his illness in the events of Karbala.〔''Imam Hossayn va Iran'' (امام حسین و ایران), by Zabihullah Mansouri (ذبیح الله منصوری). Tehran. Also: http://www.nabegheha.ir/imamsadegh/valid3.htm〕 Like most physicians in the early Abbasid courts, they came from the Academy of Gondishapur in Persia (in modern-day southwestern Iran). They were well versed in the Greek and Hindi sciences, including those of Plato, Aristotle, Pythagoras, and Galen, which they aided in translating while working in Gondishapur.〔Max Meyerhof, "An Arabic Compendium of Medico-Philosophical Definitions," Isis 10, no. 2(1928): 348. http://links.jstor.org〕 In the course of their integration into the changing society after the Islamic invasion of Persia, the family acquired Arabic while preserving Persian as oral language for about 200 years.〔 The family was originally from Ahvaz, near Gondeshapur, however they eventually moved to the city of Baghdad and later on to Nsibin in Northern Syria, which was part of the Persian Empire in the Sassanid era.〔Donald R. Hill, ''Islamic Science and Engineering''. 1993. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0-7486-0455-3 p.4〕 Yahya al-Barmaki, the vizier and mentor to Harun al-Rashid, provided patronage to the Hospital and Academy of Gondeshapur and helped assure the promotion and growth of astronomy, medicine and philosophy, not only in Persia but also in the Abbasid Empire in general.〔Maz Meyerhof, "An Arabic Compendium"〕 ==Etymology== Consisting of a first, Middle Persian〔D. N. MacKenzie. A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary. Routledge Curzon, 2005, ISBN 0-19-713559-5.〕 term meaning "redeemed" and a Syriac component for Jesus, the name can be translated as "Redeemed by Jesus" or "Jesus has redeemed".〔 The Urdu phrase "Bakhš-kardo!" which borrows from the Persian "Bukht" means "Save me!" However, in his book ''Kitāb 'Uyūn al-anbā' fī ṭabaqāt al-aṭibbā'' (كتاب عيون الأنباء في طبقات الأطباء), the Arab, 12th century historian Ibn Abi Usaibia renders the meaning as "Servant of Jesus" (في اللغة السريانية البخت العبد ويشوع عيسى عليه السلام) in Syriac language. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bukhtishu」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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