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The Federal Intelligence Service (German: ドイツ語:Bundesnachrichtendienst ((:ˌbʊndəsˈnaːχʁɪçtnˌdiːnst), BND; CIA code name ''CASCOPE'') is the foreign intelligence agency of Germany, directly subordinated to the Chancellor's Office. Its headquarters are in Pullach near Munich, and Berlin (planned to be centralised in Berlin by 2016, with about 4,000 people). The BND has 300 locations in Germany and foreign countries. In 2005, the BND employed around 6,050 people, 10% of them ドイツ語:Bundeswehr soldiers; those are officially employed by the ''ドイツ語:Amt für Militärkunde'' (Office for Military Sciences). The annual budget of the BND for 2015 is €615,577,000. The BND acts as an early warning system to alert the German government to threats to German interests from abroad. It depends heavily on wiretapping and electronic surveillance of international communications. It collects and evaluates information on a variety of areas such as international non-state terrorism, weapons of mass destruction proliferation and illegal transfer of technology, organized crime, weapons and drug trafficking, money laundering, illegal migration and information warfare. As Germany’s only overseas intelligence service, the BND gathers both military and civil intelligence. While the ' (KSA) of the ドイツ語:Bundeswehr also fulfills this mission, it is not an intelligence service. There is close cooperation between the BND and the KSA. The domestic secret service counterparts of the BND are the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (''ドイツ語:Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz'', or BfV) and 16 counterparts at the state level ''ドイツ語:Landesämter für Verfassungsschutz'' (State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution); there is also a separate military intelligence organisation, the ''ドイツ語:Militärischer Abschirmdienst'' (MAD, ''Military Counterintelligence Service''). The BND is a successor to the Gehlen Organization. The most central figure in its history was Reinhard Gehlen, its first president. == History == The predecessor of the BND was the German eastern military intelligence agency during World War II, the ''ドイツ語:Abteilung Fremde Heere Ost'' or FHO Section in the General Staff, led by ドイツ語:Wehrmacht Major General Reinhard Gehlen. Its main purpose was to collect information on the Red Army. After the war Gehlen worked with the U.S. occupation forces in West Germany. In 1946 he set up an intelligence agency informally known as the Gehlen Organization or simply "The Org" and recruited some of his former co-workers. Many had been operatives of Admiral Wilhelm Canaris' wartime ドイツ語:Abwehr (counter-intelligence) organization, but Gehlen also recruited people from the former ''ドイツ語:Sicherheitsdienst'', SS and Gestapo, after their release by the Allies. The latter recruits were later controversial because the SS and its associated groups were notoriously the perpetrators of many Nazi atrocities during the war.〔Höhne, Heinz & Zolling, Hermann, ''The General was a Spy''. New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, Inc. 1972, p. 66〕 The organization worked at first almost exclusively for the CIA, which contributed funding, equipment, cars, gasoline and other materials. On 1 April 1956 the ''Bundesnachrichtendienst'' was created from the Gehlen Organization, and transferred to the West German government, with the recruits of the former Sicherheitsdienst, SS and Gestapo. Reinhard Gehlen became President of the BND and remained its head until 1968.〔Höhne & Zolling, p. 248〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Federal Intelligence Service (Germany)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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