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Bourgas or Burgas ((ブルガリア語:Бургас), ) is the second-largest city on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and the fourth-largest in Bulgaria after Sofia, Plovdiv and Varna, with a population of 200,271 inhabitants, according to the 2011 census.〔 (National Statistical Institute - Main Towns Census 2011 )〕 It is the capital of Burgas Province and an important industrial, transport, cultural and tourist centre. The city is surrounded by the Burgas Lakes and located at the westernmost point of the Black Sea, at the large Burgas Bay. The LUKOIL Neftochim Burgas is the largest oil refinery in southeastern Europe and the largest industrial enterprise. The Port of Burgas is the largest port in Bulgaria, and Burgas Airport is the second-most important in the country. Bourgas is the center of the Bulgarian fishing and fish processing industry.〔Norman Polmar: ''The Naval Institute guide to the Soviet Navy'', 5. Ausgabe, United States Naval Institute, Naval Institute Press, 1991, p.447〕 == Names == A similar literal composition have the cities Burgos in Spain and numerous cities containing the Germanic burg "city" such as Hamburg. It is widely considered, including by the official website of Bourgas, that the name of the city is derived from the Latin word "''burgos''" as meaning a "tower", after a local ancient Roman travel post, which used to be in the area of today's Bourgas Port. 15 centuries later, the settlement was mentioned by the Byzantine poet Manuel Phil as "''Pyrgos''" (Greek: Πύργος), a word identical in meaning with the Latin word for tower.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Burgas Municiapality )〕 There are several alternative explanations for the name's origin. By one of them, the city's name comes from Gothic name "baurgs" as meaning "signified consolidated walled villages".〔Wright, Joseph, 1892, ''A Primer of the Gothic Language'', glossary & section 182.〕 According to Bulgarian prof. Kiril Vlahov, the name of the city comes from the Thracian word "''pyurg''" as meaning "fortification of wooden beams". It is also suggested that the name ultimately comes from the name of khan Burtaz (683-633 BC). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Burgas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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