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Burgrave
Burgrave (from (ドイツ語:Burggraf), (ラテン語:burggravius, burcgravius, burgicomes)) was since the medieval period a title for the ruler of a castle, especially a royal or episcopal castle, as well as a castle district (castellany) or fortified settlement or city.〔Encyclopædia Britannica; Definition of ''burgrave (title)''. ()〕〔Duden; Definition of ''Burggraf'' (in German). ()〕 The burgrave was a ''count'' in rank (German ''Graf'', Latin ''Comes'') equipped with judicial powers.〔〔 The title became hereditary in certain feudal families and was associated with a territory or domain called a ''Burgraviate'' (German ''Burggrafschaft'', Latin ''Prefectura''). The position and office of burgrave could be held either by the king, a nobleman or a bishop, the responsibilities were administrative, military and jurisdictional.
==History==
Etymologically, the word burgrave is the English and French form of the German noble title ''Burggraf'' (Burg "Castle" + Graf "Count"). The wife of a burgrave was titled ''Burgravine'', in German ''Burggräfin''.〔〔Duden; Definition of ''Burggräfin'' (in German). ()〕
The title is originally equivalent to that of castellan ((ラテン語:castellanus)) or French ''châtelain''; meaning keeper or commander of a castle and/or fortified settlement (both can be called ''Burg'' in German).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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