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Buttevant ( or ''Ecclesia Tumulorum'' in the Latin) is a medieval market town, incorporated by charter of Edward III, situated in North County Cork, Ireland. While there may be reason to suggest that the town may occupy the site of an earlier settlement of the Donegans, Carrig Donegan, the origins of the present town are clearly and distinctly Norman, and closely connected with the settlement of the Barrys from the 13th century.〔(Buttevant: from ''Cork-Guide'' )〕 Here they built their principal stronghold in North Cork. Buttevant is located on the N20 road between Limerick and Cork and the R522 regional road. The Dublin–Cork railway line passes by the town, but the station, from which at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, newly raised battalions of the Royal Munster Fusiliers and the Royal Dublin Fusiliers who had completed their training at the local military barracks, set out for the Western Front. ==Origins of the name== Barry family: Boutez-en-Avant.〔(" A History of the City and County of Cork" ) 1875〕 ''Rotulus Pipae Cloynensis'' (1364) makes ten references to ''Bothon'' in its Latin text. The ''Lateran Registers'' record the name ''tempore'' Pope Innocent VIII as ''Bottoniam'' (7 March 1489) and ''Buttumam'' (3 June 1492); and ''tempore'' Pope Alexander VI in various forms: as "Bothaniam" (14 February 1499), "Betomam" (12 March 1499), and "Buttomam" (15 January 1500). Edmund Spencer, in ''Colin Clouts Come Home Againe'' (1595), gives an early example of the modern name and associates it with ''Mullagh'', his name for the river Awbeg:〔("Historical and Topographical Notes, Etc. on Buttevant, Castletownroche, Doneraile, Mallow" ), 1905〕 :"Old father Mole, (Mole hight that mountain gray :That walls the Northside of Armulla dale) :He had a daughter fresh as floure of May, :VVhich gaue that name vnto that pleasant vale; :Mulla the daughter of oldMole, so hight :The Nimph, which of that water course has charge, :That springing out of Mole, doth run downe right :to Butteuant where spreding forth at large, :It giueth name vnto that auncient Cittie, :VVhich Kilnemullah cleped is of old: :VVhose ragged ruines breed great ruth and pittie, :To travallers, which it from far behold" The ''Bibliothèque Royale'' in Brussels contains the manuscript of Father Donatus Mooney's report on the Irish Province of the Franciscans compiled in 1617/1618 in which he notes that the place "is called 'Buttyfanie' and, in Irish, 'Kilnamullagh' or 'Killnamallagh'". Philip O'Sullivan Beare in his ''Historiae Catholicae Iberniae'', published in Spain in 1620, gives the name 'Killnamollacham' for the town and translates it into Latin as 'Ecclesia Tumulorum'. James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, refers to "Buttiphante" in a letter of January 1684 (Carte Manuscripts, Bodleian, 161, f. 47v), while Sir John Percival, progenitor of the Earls of Egmont, recorderd in his diary for the 16 March 1686 that the troopers "being att Buttevant Fair this day took Will Tirry and his wife and brought them hither and I examined them". The Irish denomination for Buttevant has reached such a degree of confusion as to make it almost unidentifiable. The oral tradition of the area consistently gives ''Cill na Mullach'', or 'Church of the Hillocks', for Buttevant. When the area was still largely Irish speaking, that tradition was recorded by O'Donovan in the field books of the General Survey of Valuation, Griffith's valuation, which was taken in the Barony of Orrery and Kilmore ''ante'' 1850. Peadar Ua Laoghaire confirms the tradition in his ''Mo Scéal Féin''. That notwithstanding, several other names have insistently been assigned to Buttevant by Irish Government officialdom: ''Cill na mBeallach'', Cill na Mollach, and more recently ''Cill na Mallach'' by the Place Names Commission, explaining eruditely that it may signify ''The Church of the Curse'', for which, the general public can be excused for thinking the Commission were referring to nearby ''Killmallock''. P.W. Joyce in his ''The Origin and History of Irish Names of Places'', published in Dublin in 1871, dismisses as erroneous and an invention of later times, the theory that the Irish name for Buttevant meant the Church of the Curse, and cites the Four Masters noting that a Franciscan Friary was founded at Cill na Mullach in 1251. The name Buttevant is reportedly a corruption of the motto of the DeBarry family. On the Barry coat of arms the inscription is "Butez en Avant" - Strike/Kick/Push Forward—or, more colloquially, "Bash your way forward."〔http://www.irishgaelictranslator.com/translation/topic52600.html〕〔De Barry〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Buttevant」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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