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In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula -C4H9, derived from either of the two isomers of butane. The isomer ''n''-butane can connect either at one of the two terminal carbon atoms or at one of the two internal carbon atoms, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups: * Normal butyl or ''n''-Butyl: CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2– (fully systematic name: butyl) * Secondary butyl or ''sec''-Butyl: CH3–CH2–CH(CH3)– (fully systematic name: 1-methylpropyl) The second, branched isomer of butane, isobutane, can connect either at one of the three terminal carbons or at the central carbon, giving rise to another two groups: * Isobutyl: (CH3)2CH–CH2– (fully systematic name: 2-methylpropyl) * Tertiary butyl, ''tert''-Butyl or ''t''-butyl: (CH3)3C– (fully systematic name: 1,1-dimethylethyl) == Nomenclature == According to IUPAC nomenclature, "isobutyl", "''sec''-butyl", and "''tert''-butyl" are all retained names. Butyl is the largest substituent for which trivial names are commonly used for all isomers. The butyl group's carbon that is connected to the rest (R) of the molecule is called the RI or R-prime carbon . The prefixes ''sec'' (from "secondary") and ''tert'' (from "tertiary") refer to the number of additional side chains connected to the first butyl carbon. The prefix "iso" (from "isomer") means "equal" while the prefix 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Butyl」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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