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C-AKv coupler
The C-AKv coupler is a fully automatic center coupler for railway vehicles, which is designed as a replacement for the European UIC standard chain coupler. Its profile is derived from the Willison design as used on the Russian SA3 coupler. The C-AKv coupler is compatible with both the buffers-and-chain setup and the actual SA3 coupler. C-Akv is from German ''Compact - Automatische Kupplung vereinfacht'', meaning Compact automatic coupler simplified. Often the brand name ''Transpact'' is used as name for it.
== History ==
In the 1970s a new type of automatic coupler was developed by the European railways. This was called the UIC automatic coupler and represented a West European variant of the AK69e type and the East European Intermat type. It was intended as a full replacement for the buffers-and-chain setup, as the latter is not suitable for heavy loads, very time-consuming to be connected, and requires intensive maintenance. As it would have had to be introduced all across Europe within a very short time frame, this introduction was repeatedly postponed. In addition, the UIC automatic coupler was not compatible with the existing chain couplings, which would have made it particularly difficult for some of the European state railways to carry out this conversion from a budgetary point of view.
The C-AKv coupler was developed by SAB WABCO, now Faiveley Transport Witten GmbH. Unlike the UIC automatic coupler, it is compatible with the existing chain coupler, which would allow for a longer transition period. Since the year 2002, the C-AKv has been on trial on the German railways. It is used on heavy coal block trains between the opencast mines at Profen and the Schkopau power plant.
At this time, the German railways, Faiveley and the Technical University of Berlin are developing possible transition scenarios for a general introduction of the C-AKv coupler.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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