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The CLARREO (Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory) was selected as a high priority NASA Decadal Survey mission by the National Research Council in 2007.〔National Research Council, Earth Science and Applications from Space: National Imperatives for the Next Decade and Beyond. National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 426pp, 2007.〕 The CLARREO mission is intended to provide a metrology laboratory in orbit to accurately quantify and attribute Earth's climate change (see List of climate research satellites). If launched at the earliest opportunity,〔http://clarreo.larc.nasa.gov/2014-10STM/Tuesday/Wielicki_CLARREO%20SDT%20Meeting%20Intro%20Oct%2028%202014.pdf〕 CLARREO's observations could be used to detect the largest of climate trends above natural variability by the year 2039.〔Wielicki et al., "Achieving Climate Change Absolute Accuracy," Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 1829 pp. 1519-1539, 2013.〕 Then it may go on to further test, validate, and improve prediction by climate models. The mission also might provide the first orbiting radiometers with accuracy sufficient enough to serve as reference calibration standards that can fine-tune other spaceborne sensors and climate research-〔N. Fox et al., "Accurate radiometry from space: an essential tool for climate studies," Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A., 369 pp. 4028-4063, 2011.〕 making climate trends apparent in their data sets within a 30-year time frame. When the mission was scaled back in 2012 due to cuts in funding, the CLARREO science team turned their focus to instrument studies that would further enhance the mission’s key climate measurements and develop the new concepts to meet the specified accuracy standards.〔http://www.nasa.gov/centers/langley/news/researchernews/rn_CLARREOCUT.html〕 In the President's FY16 budget request, CLARREO was provided $76.9M to demonstrate essential measurement technologies of the CLARREO Tier 1 Decadal Survey mission. That funding will potentially support the flight of two instruments, Reflected Solar (RS) and Infrared (IR) spectrometers, hosted on the International Space Station in FY 2019. == The mission concept == CLARREO is currently in an extended planning phase or "Pre-Phase A," where the mission and science teams are funded to continue advancing the science of CLARREO, explore alternative implementation strategies, and reduce technical risk.〔http://www.spacenews.com/civil/110225-climate-missions-nasa-budget.html〕 Below is the mission concept presented at the Mission Concept Review in November 2010.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CLARREO Mission Overview 2011 (21 January 2011) )〕 CLARREO was then envisioned to consist of four observatories on two dual-manifested launches on Minotaur IV+ vehicles. *Three Instruments (two of each) * *Infrared (IR) Spectrometer * *Reflected Solar (RS) Spectrometer * *Global Navigation Satellite System-Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO) *Four Observatories, two dual-manifested launches on Minotaur IV+ vehicles * *July 2018: Two infrared observatories, each with GNSS-RO * *May 2020: Two reflected solar observatories *609 km polar orbits (90 degree inclination) Now due to reduced funding, the International Space Station (ISS) is being investigated as a possible platform, but due to the ISS orbital inclination of 51.65 degrees this negates the possibility of global climate change monitoring by CLARREO. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「CLARREO」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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