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CNIB (formerly known as the Canadian National Institute for the Blind, which was officially changed to its current name in 2006〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cnib.ca/en/news/archive/pages/cnib.aspx )〕) is a volunteer agency and charitable organization dedicated to assisting Canadians who are blind or living with vision loss, and to provide information about vision health for all Canadians. Founded in 1918 to assist soldiers who had been blinded in the First World War, CNIB originally offered sheltered care and specialized employment to people with vision loss. It has since expanded to include other programs and services, including research, public education, rehabilitation counselling and training, advocacy and an alternative-format library for people living with a print disability. It is a member of BANA. ==History== CNIB was incorporated in 1918 to provide food, clothing and sheltered residences for blind veterans returning from World War I. It began with 27 employees serving 1,521 people who were blind, primarily in Toronto, with two "home teachers" providing rehabilitation training in other parts of Canada.〔(Our History )〕 During the 1920s, CNIB operated a job placement program with limited success, also creating jobs through its own factories, broom shops and concession stands. The organization also appointed a special nurse responsible for vision health and sight preservation. In 1923, a Dominion Charter was obtained to establish a Home Nursery Hospital and Kindergarten for the Blind under 6 years of age in Ottawa. 〔(Canadian Blind Babies Home Association Ottawa Journal June 9, 1921 )〕 Mothers of blind babies from any Province in the Dominion, were encouraged to place their charges in the Canadian Blind Babies Home Association for proper care and education c. 1918 - 1939. It was to be similar to "Sunshine Home," at Chorley Wood, England, which was then ''the only home in the Empire for Blind babies." 〔()〕 After the founder, Mrs. Margaret Dean, died it went out of existence and the subscription funds were reallocated to the CNIB. 〔(Canadian Blind Babies Home Association )〕 By the 1950s, CNIB was serving more than 17,000 clients, with offices, vocational centres and residences in major Canadian cities. A formalized research program into prevention was also prioritized.〔 Steps were taken towards advocacy with the 1930 Blind Voters Act, allowing a person who is blind to vote with the assistance of a sighted person, and legislation around mandatory eye drops to prevent disease in newborns. In 1956, the organization helped sponsor a course for blind computer programmers.〔 In 2010, the Canadian National Institute for the Blind changed its name to CNIB after a national consultation with its membership, branding support from Pilot PMR and creative by Cossette, Inc.〔CNIB, January 14, 2010 "(Canadian Institute for the Blind Changes Name to CNIB )", Retrieved January 20, 2013〕 In the 21st century, CNIB has approximately 1,100 staff and over 10,000 volunteers conducting research, personalized rehabilitation support and advocacy for Canadians who are blind or partially sighted. It also provides public education on the importance of vision health and preventing eye disease, with the goal of eliminating avoidable sight loss in Canada.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「CNIB」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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