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CPA3
Carboxypeptidase A3 (mast cell carboxypeptidase A), also known as CPA3, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ''CPA3'' gene.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1359 )〕
== Function ==
Altogether, there are 22-23 members of the metallocarboxypeptidase gene family in most mammals. CPA3 is one of 8-9 members of the A/B subfamily that includes the well-studied pancreatic enzymes carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1), carboxypeptidase A2 (CPA2), and carboxypeptidase B. This subfamily includes 6 carboxypeptidase A-like enzymes, numbered 1-6. The enzyme now called CPA3 was originally named mast cell carboxypeptidase A, and another protein was initially called CPA3 (Huang et al., 1999). A gene nomenclature committee renamed mast cell carboxypeptidase A as CPA3, and the original CPA3 reported by Huang et al. became CPA4 to reflect the order of their discovery.
CPA3 is secreted from mast cells and has a pH optimum in the neutral to basic range. It resembles pancreatic carboxypeptidases A1 in cleaving COOH-terminal aromatic and aliphatic amino acid residues.〔 CPA3 functions together with endopeptidases secreted from mast cells such as chymases and tryptases to degrade proteins and peptides. Upon mast cell activation and degranulation, CPA3, the chymases, and tryptases are released in complexes with heparin proteoglycan.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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