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CSELT
Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni (CSELT) was an Italian research center for Telecommunication based in Torino, the biggest in Italy and one of the most important in Europe. It was active from 1964 to 2001, initially as a part of the Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale-STET – Società Finanziaria Telefonica group, the major conglomerate of Italian public Industries in the 1960s and 1970s; it later became part of Telecom Italia Group. In 2001 was renamed TILAB as part of Telecom Italia Group.
== Research areas ==
CSELT became internationally known at the end of 1960s thanks to a cooperation with the US-based company COMSAT for a pilot project of TDMA (and PCM) satellite communication system. Furthermore, in 1971 it started a joint research with Corning Glass Works on optical fiber cables: as a result, in 1977 Torino was the first city having optic fibers lines, with a 9 km length (the longest at that time), collaborating with Sirti and Pirelli. Also in 1971, CSELT build the "Gruppi Speciali", a time-division processing computer for telephone call switching. It was the second electronic switching system in Europe, but very advanced in design: e.g. here was introduced for the first time the automatic bootstrap from ROM and not by hand nor by a volatile card memory.〔Ciaramella, Alberto. "Device for automatically loading the central memory of electronic processors." U.S. Patent No. 4,117,974. 3 Oct. 1978. https://www.google.com/patents/US4117974〕 In 1978 CSELT became also famous because of its 3D images of the Shroud of Turin supervised by Prof. Giovanni Tamburelli: that images were the most highly resolved till that time and for the first time was shown the native "3D structure" of the Shroud itself. In 1975 was also released MUSA, the first Italian speech synthezer, and one of the very first in the world: later, the same group made research also in speech recognition: the both technologies were used as auto-responder systems in telco services.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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