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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Caffarel ： ウィキペディア英語版 Caffarel Caffarel is a chocolate-manufacturing company based in Luserna San Giovanni, Italy, which is a subsidiary of Lindt & Sprüngli. The company was founded in Turin during the 19th century. According to the company, it was founded in 1826 when Pierre Paul Caffarel (1801–1871) converted an ex-tannery into a chocolate factory and invented Gianduiotto in 1852. In 1826 Caffarel purchased a revolutionary industrial machine, invented by Bozelli of Genoa, which was able to produce more than 300 kilos a day (a record then). Thanks to this machine, he established the first company to sell large quantities of solid chocolate (which was invented in Turin at the end of the 18th century). The second commercial success was Gianduja. In 1852 Caffarel introduced a new type of chocolate, made by mixing cocoa, sugar and ''Tonda Gentile delle Langhe'' hazelnuts (renowned for their taste). In 1865, he began producing this unique specialty. An alternative account is that chocolate production on the site was started by Giovanni Martino Bianchini, who had invented a water-powered machine for the production of chocolate, and the factory was purchased by Paul Cafferel on May 1, 1832.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Focus on Gianduia, Part 7: Swiss Chocolate in Early Nineteenth Century Turin )〕 Cafferel was the only producer of chocolate using mechanisation in Turin until 1851, and later became Caffarel Prochet & Co. when Michele Prochet joined the company.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Focus on Gianduia, Part 8: Rise of the Waldenses in Mid-nineteenth Century Turin )〕 However it is unlikely that Prochet invented gianduia paste in 1852, as is often stated, since he would have been 13 years old in that year.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Focus on Gianduia, Part 9: Did Michele Prochet Invent Gianduia in 1852? )〕 The company's ties with the Caffarel family ended by 1897, and Prochet died in 1904. The company changed hands more than once in the early 20th century, in one case following its bankruptcy. There were multiple claims as to the originator of gianduia, and insufficient evidence to confirm any of them conclusively, nor the date of the invention.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Focus on Gianduia, Part 13: Michele Prochet and the 1865 Birth of Gianduia )〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Caffarel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.