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・ Calcium reactor
・ Calcium release activated channel
・ Calcium signaling
・ Calcium silicate
・ Calcium silicate hydrate
・ Calcium silicide
・ Calcium sorbate
・ Calcimicrobe
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Calcineurin
・ Calcineurin-like phosphoesterase
・ Calcinosis
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Calcineurin : ウィキペディア英語版
Calcineurin

Calcineurin (CN) is a calcium and calmodulin dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase (also known as protein phosphatase 3, and calcium-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase). It activates the T cells of the immune system and can be blocked by drugs. Calcineurin activates nuclear factor of activated T cell, cytoplasmic (NFATc), a transcription factor, by dephosphorylating it. The activated NFATc is then translocated into the nucleus, where it upregulates the expression of interleukin 2 (IL-2), which, in turn, stimulates the growth and differentiation of T cell response. Calcineurin is the target of a class of drugs called calcineurin inhibitors, which includes cyclosporine, pimecrolimus and tacrolimus.
== Structure ==
Calcineurin is a heterodimer of a 61-kD calmodulin-binding catalytic subunit, calcineurin A and a 19-kD Ca2+-binding regulatory subunit, calcineurin B. There are three isozymes of the catalytic subunit, each encoded by a separate gene (PPP3CA, PPP3CB, and PPP3CC) and two isoforms of the regulatory, also encoded by separate genes (PPP3R1, PPP3R2).


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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