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Callichthyidae
Callichthyidae is a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes), called armored catfishes due to the two rows of bony plates (or scutes) running down the length of their bodies. This family contains some of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish, such as the species of ''Corydoras''.
==Taxonomy==
The family derives its name from the Greek words ''kallis'' (beautiful) and ''ichthys'' (fish). Callichthyidae is one of six families in the superfamily Loricarioidea. It is sister to a clade formed by Scoloplacidae, Astroblepidae, and Loricariidae.〔 Within the family Callichthyidae, the two subfamilies have eight genera and about 177 species.〔 They account for about 7% of all catfish. Most of these species are in the genus ''Corydoras'', the largest catfish genus.
The subfamily Corydoradinae includes about 90% of the species in the family Callichthyidae and is one of the most diverse siluriform assemblages in the Neotropics, with about 170 valid species. It includes two tribes, Aspidoradini and Corydoradini. Aspidoradini contains ''Aspidoras'' and ''Scleromystax'', while Corydoradini contains ''Corydoras'' and ''Brochis''.〔http://www.fishbase.org/NomenClature/ScientificNameSearchList.php?crit1_fieldname=SYNONYMS.SynGenus&crit1_fieldtype=CHAR&crit1_operator=EQUAL&crit1_value=Brochis&crit2_fieldname=SYNONYMS.SynSpecies&crit2_fieldtype=CHAR&crit2_operator=contains&crit2_value=&group=summary&backstep=-2〕〔Encyclopedia of Aquarium and Pond Fish (2005) (David Alderton) page 121〕 Some believe the genus ''Brochis'' should be synonymized with ''Corydoras''.〔
The subfamily Callichthyinae contains ''Callichthys'', ''Dianema'', ''Hoplosternum'', ''Lepthoplosternum'', and ''Megalechis''. According to a 1997 paper, ''Callichthys'' is the most basal member of the subfamily. In a 2004 study, different relationships among the callichthyines were found: ''Dianema'' and ''Hoplosternum'' form the most basal clade, and ''Callichthys'' is sister to ''Lepthoplosternum'' and ''Megalechis''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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