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''Calligrammes'', subtitled ''Poems of Peace and War 1913-1916'', is a collection of poems by Guillaume Apollinaire which was first published in 1918 (see 1918 in poetry). ''Calligrammes'' is noted for how the typeface and spatial arrangement of the words on a page plays just as much of a role in the meaning of each poem as the words themselves - a form called a calligram. In this sense, the collection can be seen as either concrete poetry or visual poetry. Apollinaire described his work as follows: The ''Calligrammes'' are an idealisation of free verse poetry and typographical precision in an era when typography is reaching a brilliant end to its career, at the dawn of the new means of reproduction that are the cinema and the phonograph. (Guillaume Apollinaire, in a letter to André Billy)〔Apollinaire, Guillaume, quoted in the preface by Michel Butor. ''Calligrammes'', p. 7 (Éditions Gallimard, preface copyright 1966).〕 File:Guillaume Apollinaire - Calligramme - Cheval.png File:Guillaume Apollinaire - Calligramme - La Colombe poignardée et le Jet d’eau.png File:Guillaume Apollinaire - Calligramme - Cœur, couronne et miroir.png File:Guillaume Apollinaire - Calligramme - L'oiseau et le bouquet.png File:Guillaume Apollinaire - Calligramme - La Mandoline, l’œillet et le bambou.png File:Guillaume Apollinaire Voyage.jpg File:Guillaume Apollinaire - Calligramme - Venu de Dieuze.png File:Ilpleut.png ==Notes== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Calligrammes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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