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:''For the community in Cochrane District, Ontario, Canada, see: Calstock, Ontario'' Calstock ((コーンウォール語:Kalstok)) is a civil parish and a large village in south east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, on the border with Devon. The village is situated on the River Tamar south west of Tavistock and north of Plymouth.〔Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 201 ''Plymouth & Launceston'' ISBN 978-0-319-23146-3〕 The parish had a population of 6,095 in the 2001 census.〔Office for National Statistics & Cornwall County Council, 2001. (Parish population statistics )〕 This had increased to 6,431 at the 2011 census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2011 census )〕 The parish encompasses of land, of water, and of the tidal Tamar.〔Calstock Online Parish Clerk, 2005. (Calstock Parish ).〕 As well as Calstock, other settlements in the parish include Albaston, Chilsworthy, Gunnislake, Harrowbarrow, Latchley, Metherell, Coxpark, Dimson, Drakewalls, Norris Green, Rising Sun and St Ann's Chapel.〔(Cornwall ); Explore Britain〕 Calstock village is within the Tamar Valley AONB, is overlooked by Cotehele house and gardens, and lies on the scenic Tamar Valley railway. Calstock railway station opened on 2 March 1908. The village is twinned with Saint-Thuriau in Brittany, France. ==Early history== There is evidence of human settlement in Calstock from Roman, or pre-Roman times, settlers attracted by the rich source of minerals, such as tin, in the area. A Roman fort, only the third known in Cornwall, was discovered next to the church in 2008.〔 〕 In Saxon times Calstock was in the Kingdom of Cornwall, which resisted the spread of Wessex from the east. In 838 CE Wessex had spread as far as the Tamar, and a battle for independence was fought near Calstock. Following the Norman Conquest, Calstock manor was recorded in the Domesday Book. The Saxon manor (held by Asgar) was taken over, and in the 14th century became part of the Duchy of Cornwall: one of the 17 Antiqua maneria. At the time of Domesday Book (1086) the manor was held by Reginald from Robert, Count of Mortain. There were two and a half hides of land and land for 12 ploughs. Reginald held one virgate of land with 2 ploughs and 12 serfs. 30 villeins and 30 smallholders had the rest of the land with 6 ploughs. There were 100 acres of woodland, 3 square leagues of pasture and 3 pigs. The value of the manor was £3 sterling though it had formerly been worth £6.〔Thorn, C. et al., ed. (1979) ''Cornwall''. Chichester: Phillimore; entry 5,2,12〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Calstock」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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