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Capripoxvirus
''Capripoxvirus'' is a genus of viruses in the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae and the family Poxviridae. Capripoxviruses are among the most serious of all animal poxviruses. Sheep, goat, and cattle serve as natural hosts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/152.html )〕 These viruses cause negative economic consequences by damaging hides and wool and forcing the establishment of trade restrictions in response to an outbreak. The genus consists of three species: the type species: sheeppox virus (SPPV), goatpox virus (GTPV), and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release )〕 They share no serological relationship with camel pox, horse pox, or avian poxes. Capripoxviruses for sheeppox and goatpox infect only sheep and goat respectively. However, it is probable that North American relatives, the mountain goat and mountain sheep, may be susceptible to the strains but has not been experimentally proven. Lumpy skin disease virus affects primarily cattle, but studies have been shown that giraffes and impala are also susceptible to LSDV. Humans cannot be infected by Capripoxviruses.
==Geographic distribution and transmission==
The geographic range of Capripoxvirus are bounded within Asia and Africa. SPPV and GTPV are limited to northern Africa, the Middle East, and continental Asia. In contrast, LSDV is only found in Sub-Saharan Africa. All Capripoxvirus species tend to be spread by means of insect vector. Sheeppox and goatpox are also transmissible by aerosol or by close contact with infected animals. Contamination of open cuts or wounds may also contribute to the spread of SPPV and GTPV. However, there is little to no susceptibility of lumpy skin disease when in close contact with an animal infected with LSDV. While sheeppox and goatpox viruses tend to enter animals through respiratory routes and abraded skin, biting insects are considered the major driving force for the spread and infection of LSDV.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.coda-cerva.be/index.php?option=com_content&id=109&Itemid=187&lang=en )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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