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Carole King (born February 9, 1942) is an American composer and singer-songwriter.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Carole King Biography )〕 King's career began in the 1960s when she, along with her then husband Gerry Goffin, wrote more than two dozen chart hits for numerous artists, many of which have become standards. She has continued writing for other artists since then. King's success as a performer in her own right did not come until the 1970s, when she sang her own songs, accompanying herself on the piano, in a series of albums and concerts. After experiencing commercial disappointment with her debut album ''Writer'', King scored her breakthrough with the album ''Tapestry'', which topped the U.S. album chart for 15 weeks in 1971 and remained on the charts for more than six years. In 2000 ''Billboard'' pop music researcher Joel Whitburn named King the most successful female songwriter of 1955–99 because she wrote or co-wrote 118 pop hits on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100. King wrote 61 hits that charted in the UK. In 2005 music historian Stuart Devoy found her the most successful female songwriter on the UK singles charts 1952–2005.〔David Roberts, ''Guinness Book of British Hit Singles'', 2005. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.〕 King has made 25 solo albums, the most successful being ''Tapestry'', which held the record for most weeks at No. 1 by a female artist for more than 20 years. Her most recent non-compilation album was ''Live at the Troubadour'' in 2010, a collaboration with James Taylor that reached number 4 on the charts in its first week and has sold over 600,000 copies.〔("Carole King and James Taylor Troubadour Reunion Comes To An End" ) July 20, 2010, Anit Music.com〕〔(King Bio at Allmusic.com )〕 She has won four Grammy Awards and was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for her songwriting. She is the recipient of the 2013 Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for Popular Song, the first woman to be so honored.〔("Librarian of Congress Names Carole King Next Recipient of the Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for Popular Song" ) December 12, 2012, www.loc.gov〕 ==Early life and '60s song-writing (1942–1969)== King was born Carol Joan Klein in February 1942, to a Jewish family in Manhattan. Her mother, Eugenia (née Cammer), was a teacher and her father, Sidney N. Klein, was a firefighter.〔Sheila Weller, ("‘Girls Like Us’" ), First Chapters, ''The New York Times'', April 27, 2008.〕〔("Sidney N. Klein" ), Find A Grave.〕 She grew up in Brooklyn, learned the piano when she was four years old, and appeared on ''The Horn and Hardart Children's Hour'' with a school friend, performing "If I Knew You Were Comin' I'd've Baked a Cake" when she was eight. While at James Madison High School in the 1950s, Carol Klein changed her name to Carole King, formed a band called the Co-Sines, and made demo records with her friend Paul Simon for $25 a session.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Carole King Biography – Facts, Birthday, Life Story – Biography.com )〕 Her first official recording was the promotional single "The Right Girl", released by ABC-Paramount in 1958, which she wrote and sang to an arrangement by Don Costa.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Carole King – The Right Girl / Goin' Wild (Vinyl) at Discogs )〕 She attended Queens College, where she met Gerry Goffin, who was to become her song-writing partner. When she was 17, they married in a Jewish ceremony on Long Island in August 1959 after King had become pregnant with her first daughter, Louise.〔Weller, Sheila. ''Girls Like Us: Carole King, Joni Mitchell, Carly Simon-and the Journey of a Generation'' New York, Washington Square Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-7434-9147-1〕 They left college and took daytime jobs, Goffin working as an assistant chemist and King as a secretary, while writing songs together in the evening at an office belonging to Don Kirshner's Aldon Music at 1650 Broadway opposite the Brill Building.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Songwriters Hall of Fame – Gerry Goffin )〕 Neil Sedaka, who dated King when he was still in high school, had a hit in 1959 with "Oh! Carol". Goffin took the tune and wrote the playful response "Oh! Neil", which King recorded and released as a single the same year. The B-side contained the Goffin-King song "A Very Special Boy".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Carole King – Oh, Neil / A Very Special Boy (Vinyl) at Discogs )〕 The single was not a success. After writing The Shirelles' Hot 100 #1 hit "Will You Love Me Tomorrow", the first No.1 hit by a black girl group, Goffin and King gave up the daytime jobs to concentrate on writing. "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" became a standard. During the sixties, with King writing the music and Goffin the lyrics, the two wrote a string of classic songs for a variety of artists.〔 King and Goffin were also the songwriting team behind Don Kirshner's Dimension Records, which produced songs including "Chains" (later covered by the Beatles), "The Loco-Motion" for their babysitter Little Eva, and "It Might as Well Rain Until September" which King recorded herself in 1962—her first hit.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bsnpubs.com/nyc/dimension/dimension.html )〕 King would record a few follow-up singles in the wake of "September", but none of them sold much, and her already sporadic recording career was entirely abandoned (albeit temporarily) by 1966. Other songs of King's early period (through 1967) include "Half Way To Paradise" (Orlando, covered by Billy Fury in U.K. ), "Take Good Care of My Baby" for Bobby Vee, "Up on the Roof" for the Drifters, "I'm into Something Good" for Earl-Jean (later covered by Herman's Hermits), "Pleasant Valley Sunday" for the Monkees (inspired by their move to suburban West Orange, New Jersey),〔La Gorce, Tammy. (''New Jersey's Magic Moments'' ), ''The New York Times'', October 30, 2005. Accessed November 25, 2007.〕 and "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman" for Aretha Franklin.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gerry Goffin and Carole King Biography | The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum )〕 By 1968, Goffin and King were divorced and were starting to lose contact.〔 King moved to Laurel Canyon in Los Angeles with her two daughters and reactivated her recording career by forming the City, a music trio consisting of Charles Larkey, her future husband, on bass; Danny Kortchmar on guitar and vocals; and King on piano and vocals.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The City )〕 The City produced one album, ''Now That Everything's Been Said'' in 1968, but King's reluctance to perform live meant sales were slow. After a change of distributors meant that the album was quickly deleted, the group disbanded in 1969.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Now That Everything's Been Said – The City )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carole King」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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