|
Cartennas, also known as Cartenna and Cartennae, was a Roman colonia in Mauretania Caesariensis. It is now called Ténès in modern Algeria. ==History== Cartennas was an ancient city that already existed in the eighth century BC, and was then called "Cartinna" or "Kartenna". The plural form "Cartennae", used in addition to the singular "Cartenna" (feminine) or "Cartennas" (masculine), suggests two cities, an ancient Berber and a dependence port of the Phoenicians: the first at the wadi Allal just 1.5 km from its mouth, while the second near the Mediterranean sea.〔(P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs (editors), ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (Brill Online 2014) )〕 Cartennas was first a Phoenician and later a Carthaginian city. After 150 BC, Cartennas was dominated by the Romans. Emperor Augustus in 30 BC established there a colony of veterans of the Legio II Augusta and the city started to grow in importance.〔(Roman Coloniae )〕 Augustus even founded in what is now coastal Algeria the following Roman colonies: Igilgili, Saldae, Tubusuctu, Rusazu, Rusguniae, Aquae Calidae, Zuccabar and Gunugu. All these colonies were connected to Cartennas in a military way with strong commercial links.〔Mommsen, Theodore. "The Provinces of the Roman Empire". Section: Africa〕 When the French conquered the area in the 1830s they confused Cartennas with Mostaganem, 50 km to the west, but the discovery of epitaphs -a few years later- in the Berber-Arab village of Tenes helped solve the mistake.〔(Detailed map showing Cartennas and Mostaganem location )〕 During the centuries of Roman domination Cartennas was a rich city with a forum, theater, baths, library and aqueducts, but nearly all has disappeared. Only a necropolis west of the city walls has shown the abundance of evidences about Cartennas' Christian past. And the struggle that happened there between Donatism, Rogatism and the Christianity of Roman Popes just around 380-420 AD. The earliest known bishops of Cartennae were Rogatus, the leader of a branch of Donatists who did not espouse violence against the Catholics, and his successor Vincentius.〔Stefano Antonio Morcelli, (''Africa christiana'' ), Volume I, Brescia 1816, pp. 122–123〕〔(Louis Said Kergoat, ''Saint Augustin aux prises avec Vincentius Victor'' (Editions L'Harmattan 2010 ISBN 978-2-29624406-1), pp. 45–47 )〕〔Anatole-Joseph Toulotte, (''Géographie de l'Afrique chrétienne. Maurétanies'' ), Montreuil-sur-mer 1894, pp. 54-57〕 Known Catholic bishops of the town are Rusticus, who in 418 assisted at the disputation between Saint Augustine and the Donatist Emeritus in Caesarea in Mauretania; Victor, a contemporary of Genseric (and therefore of the mid-5th century) and the author of several works; and Lucidus, one of the Catholic bishops whom Huneric summoned to Carthage in 484 and then exiled.〔〔〔J. Mesnage, (''L'Afrique chrétienne'' ), Paris 1912, pp. 469–470〕〔Pius Bonifacius Gams, (''Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae'' ), Leipzig 1931, p. 465〕 No longer a residential bishopric, Cartennae is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.〔''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 838〕 In the 4th century Cartennas was devastated during the revolt of Firmus (372-375 AD). The city was part of the schism in Christianity against Donatism initiated by Rogatus, the Bishop of Cartennas. A schism called "Rogatism" from him, and continued by the Venanci until 420 AD after the personal intervention of Saint'Augustine〔(Lettera 87,10 (in Italian) ).〕 Occupied by the Vandals in the fifth century and damaged, the city was recovered to romanitas by the Byzantines and regained importance during the sixth century. In the first half of seventh century flourished the Christian ''Diocese of Cartennas'',〔(Diocese of Cartennas )〕 still now existing nominally.〔( Dioecesis Cartennitana )〕 Conquered by Arabs around 700 AD, Cartennas nearly disappeared in the next two centuries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cartennas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|
