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Caspians
Caspians ((ギリシア語:Κάσπιοι) ''Kaspioi'', Aramaic: ''kspy'', (グルジア語:კასპიელები) ''kaspielebiʿ'', ''kaspkʿ'', (ペルシア語:کاسپی ها )) is the English version of a Greek ethnonym mentioned twice by Herodotus among the satrapies of Darius〔Herodotus, iii.92 (with the Pausicae) and 93 (with the Sacae).〕 and applied by Strabo〔Strabo (11.2.15) gives a lost work of Eratosthenes as his source.〕 to the ancient people dwelling along the southern and southwestern shores of the Caspian Sea, in the region which was called Caspiane after them.〔"''A Cyro Caspium mare vocari incipit; accolunt Caspii''" (Pliny, ''Natural History'' vi.13); for a Greek ethnonym of the Aegean Sea, however, see the mythic Aegeus.〕 The name is not attested in Old Iranian.〔Rüdiger Schmitt in ''Encyclopedia Iranica'', ''s.v.'' "Caspians". Accessed on April 4, 2010 at: ()〕
The Caspians have generally been regarded as a pre-Indo-European people; they have been identified by Ernst Herzfeld with the Kassites,〔Herzfeld, ''The Persian Empire'', (Wiesbaden) 1968:195-99, noted by Rüdiger.〕 who spoke a language without an identified relationship to any other known language and whose origins have long been the subject of debate.
However onomastic evidence bearing on this point has been discovered in Aramaic papyri from Egypt published by P. Grelot,〔Grelot, “Notes d'onomastique sur les textes araméens d'Egypte,” ''Semitica'' 21, 1971, esp. pp. 101-17, noted by Rüdiger.〕 in which several of the Caspian names that are mentioned— and identified under the gentilic כספי ''kaspai''— are in part, etymologically Iranic. The Caspians of the Egyptian papyri must therefore be considered either an Iranic people or strongly under Iranic cultural influence.〔
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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