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Castillonnais
The Castillonais or Cheval Ariègeois de Castillon, once called the cheval du Biros or Saint-Gironnais, is an ancient breed of small riding horse from the Ariège département of southwestern France. The breed's phenotype is currently in flux, but overall it resembles (and is sometimes confused with) the more common Merens horse. Members of the breed are either dark bay or black, and all have pangare color modification, which results in paler color around the eyes and muzzle and on the underside of the body. Today it is used principally for pleasure riding (including equine tourism) and driving.
The Castillonnais probably descends from the horses that inspired the Magdalenian-era paintings found, for example, at the Cave of Niaux, with Oriental and Iberian blood added later. Originally bred as a multipurpose breed used for cavalry, agriculture and driving, the breed declined in population during the 20th century, and almost became extinct. In 1980, a group of supporters began to work to save the breed, and a breed association, now called the Association Nationale du Cheval Castillonnais d'Ariège Pyrénées (ANCCAP), was formed in 1992. The breed was officially recognized by the French Ministry of Agriculture in 1996. The French government, breed association and a regional conservation group all now share an interest in the preservation of the breed. Population numbers are still quite low, and inbreeding is a concern.
==Characteristics==
The physical characteristics seen in the breed are currently in flux, so there is not a single breed phenotype,〔 though many members of the breed closely resemble the Mérens. Enthusiasts are breeding for a rustic mountain horse, of medium size, with good gaits and good temperament.〔 Some members of the breed closely resemble Iberian horses such as the Andalusian horse.〔 The official breed standard calls for a moderately long neck and long, sloped shoulder, broad back, rounded croup and muscular legs.〔〔Bataille, ''Races équines de France'', p. 55〕 Some members of the breed are branded on the left hindquarter.〔 Because of its relative rarity and physical similarities, the Castillonnais is commonly confused with the Mérens.〔Bataille, ''Races équines de France'', p. 53〕
Castillonnais horses range from high, with the ideal height for mares being and for stallions. Two colors are allowed in the breed: dark bay and black, both with pangare modification, which results in paler color around the eyes and muzzle and on the underside of the body.〔 Horses of any other color are prohibited from entry into the studbook and all horses are genetically tested to officially determine their color before they are allowed into the studbook.〔 The breed is considered to be an easy keeper, with an easygoing temperament. The horses are agile,〔 sure-footed on mountain paths,〔 and exhibit extended gaits, with strong engagement of the hindquarters.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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