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Chabad, also known as Lubavitch, Habad and Chabad-Lubavitch,〔Additional spellings include Lubawitz, and Jabad (in Spanish speaking countries)〕 ((ヘブライ語:חב"ד)) is an Orthodox Jewish, Hasidic movement. Chabad is today one of the world's best known Hasidic movements and is well known for its outreach. It is the largest Jewish religious organization in the world. Founded in 1775 by Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi, the name "Chabad" (Hebrew: חב״ד) is a Hebrew acronym for ''Chochmah'', ''Binah'', ''Da'at'' (): "Wisdom, Understanding, and Knowledge", which represent the intellectual underpinnings of the movement.〔Dara Horn, June 13, 2014 ("Rebbe of Rebbe's" ) ''The Wall Street Journal''〕 The name "Lubavitch" is the Yiddish name for the originally Belorussian village Lyubavichi where the movement's leaders lived for over 100 years. The Chabad movement represents an intellectual-mystical school of thought established and led by a dynasty of Hasidic rebbes. The movement was based in Lyubavichi (Lubavitch) for over a century, then briefly centered in the cities of Rostov-on-Don, Riga, and Warsaw. From 1940〔(''Agudas Chasidei Chabad of United States v. Gourary'' NO. CV-85-2909 )〕 until the present day, the movement's center has been in the Crown Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Chabad )〕〔Altein, R, Zaklikofsky, E, Jacobson, I: ''Out of the Inferno: The Efforts That Led to the Rescue of Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn of Lubavitch from War Torn Europe in 1939–40'', p. 270. Merkos L'Inyonei Chinuch, 2002 ISBN 0-8266-0683-0〕 In 1951, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson became the seventh Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, and transformed it from a small chasidic movement into the largest and most widespread Jewish movement in the world today. He established a network of more than 3,600 institutions that provide religious, social and humanitarian needs in over 1,000 cities, spanning 80 countries and 49 of the 50 American states.〔''Jewish Literacy'', Telushkin, William Morrow 2001, p. 470〕〔Gelbwasser, Michael, ''Sun Chronicle'', March 31, 2007〕〔(Religion today ), by Emily Fredrix, December 6, 2007 Associated Press 〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About Chabad-Lubavitch )〕〔 Chabad institutions provide outreach to unaffiliated Jews and humanitarian aid, as well as religious, cultural and educational activities at Chabad-run community centers, synagogues, schools, camps, and soup kitchens. The movement is thought to number between 40,000〔 and 200,000 adherents.〔〕 In 2005 the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs reported that up to one million Jews attend Chabad services at least once a year.〔Slater, Elinor and Robert, ''Great Jewish Men'', Jonathan David Publishers 1996 (ISBN 08246 03818). Page 279.〕〔 In 2013, Chabad forecasted that their Chanukah activities would reach up to 8,000,000 Jews in 80 countries worldwide.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.chabad.org/holidays/chanukah/article_cdo/aid/2406550/jewish/Chabad-Lubavitchs-Global-Chanukah-Campaign.htm )〕 Today Chabad is the fastest-growing Jewish religious movement in the world.〔Jonathan D. Sarna, ( ''The Jewish Future: What will be the condition of the Jewish community 50 years from now?'' ). Commentary Magazine, OCT. 14, 2015.〕 == History == The Chabad movement was established in the town of Liozna, Grand Duchy of Lithuania (present day Belarus), in 1775, by Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi.〔 Rabbi Shneur Zalman was a student of Rabbi Dovber ben Avraham, the "Maggid of Mezritch", the successor of Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov, the founder of Hasidism. The movement was centered in Russia for over a century. In the 1930s, Chabad relocated its center to Poland, and in the 1940s to the United States. Today, Chabad is among the world's largest Hasidic groups, and it is the largest Jewish religious organization. While the movement has spawned a number of other groups, the Chabad-Lubavitch branch appears to be the only one still active, making it the movement's main surviving line.〔 In the early 1900s, Chabad-Lubavitch legally incorporated itself under Agudas Chasidei Chabad ("Association of Chabad Hasidim"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chabad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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